
ʻO nā superalloys nickel-based wrought superalloys he papa o nā mea hana kiʻekiʻe i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka ikaika mechanical kūikawā, ke kū ʻana o nā kolo, a me ka paʻa o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, maʻamau ma luna o 540°C (1000°F). ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "wrought" e hōʻike ana ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana i ko lākou ʻano hope ma o nā kaʻina thermomechanical e like me ka forging, rolling, a extrusion paha, kahi e hopena ai i kahi hoʻolālā palaoa maikaʻi e hāʻawi ai i nā waiwai tensile a me ka luhi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kā lākou mau mea hoʻolei.
ʻO lākou ka iwi kuamoʻo o nā ʻāpana hoʻololi kiʻekiʻe i ka aerospace a me ka hana mana, kahi i koho ʻole ai ka hemahema.
ʻO ka ikaika o ka wela kiʻekiʻe: mālama lākou i kahi hapa kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika wela o ka lumi i nā mahana kokoke i ko lākou wahi heheʻe, ma muli o kahi paʻa, coherent gamma-prime (γ') precipitate phase [Ni₃(Al, Ti)].
Kū'ē Kū'ē Kū'ē: Ke kū'ē nei lākou i ka hoʻololiʻana ma lalo o ke koʻikoʻi mechanical mau i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, kahi waiwai koʻikoʻi no nā lau turbine a me nā disc e pono e mālama i nāʻae pololei i nā manawa lōʻihi.
ʻO ke kūpaʻa luhi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi: ʻO ka microstructure i hana ʻia, me kāna mau kīʻaha i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia a kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia, hāʻawi i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka hoʻomaka ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana ma lalo o ka hoʻouka ʻana.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka Oxidation & Corrosion Resistance: ʻO ka maʻi chromium kiʻekiʻe (maʻamau 10-20%) hiki ke hoʻokumu i kahi pale, paʻa chromia (Cr₂O₃) pālākiō, kūʻē i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā wahi wela, oxidizing.
ʻO Microstructural Stability: Ua hoʻolālā ʻia lākou e pale i ka coarsening o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka wai a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā ʻāpana topologically close-packed (TCP) i ka wā lōʻihi o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ke kaumaha kiʻekiʻe a me ka mahana.
ʻO nā superalloys nickel-based wrought superalloys he mea nui ia i nā noi wili ʻoi loa.
Nā Enekinia Mokulele Aerospace:
Turbine Discs: ʻO ka noi koʻikoʻi loa. Hoʻohana nā disks i ka wikiwiki a me nā koʻikoʻi, e koi ana i ke koena kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika tensile, ola luhi, a me ka paʻakikī haʻihaʻi. ʻO nā Alloys e like me Inconel 718 a me Waspaloy nā kūlana ʻoihana.
ʻO nā Shafts, Spacers, a me nā mea Compressor.
ʻO nā Turbine Gas Kūlana ʻĀina: No ka hana mana, hoʻohana ʻia i nā disc turbine a me nā lau.
Rocket Engines: No nā ʻāpana turbopump e koi ana i nā lakio ikaika-a-kaumaha kiʻekiʻe i nā kaiapuni koʻikoʻi.
Nukelea Reactors & Kiekie-Mahana Paa.
Hōʻuluʻulu ka papaʻaina i nā hiʻohiʻona nui no ka ʻike wikiwiki.
| Hiʻona | wehewehe | Pōmaikaʻi |
| Alanui Hana Hana | ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka Thermomechanical (Forging, Rolling). | Hoʻopuka i kahi ʻano palaoa i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia no ka ikaika haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka ikaika luhi. |
| Māhele Hoʻoikaika Kiʻi | Gamma-Prime (γ') [Ni₃(Al, Ti)] hoʻokahe. | Hāʻawi i ka mīkini kumu no ka ikaika wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa creep. |
| Na Waiwai Ko'iko'i | ʻO ka ikaika ʻo Tensile & Fatigue, Kūʻē Kūlohelohe, ʻOʻoleʻa Haʻihaʻi. | He kūpono no nā ʻāpana hoʻoluhi kiʻekiʻe e like me nā disc turbine. |
| Nā ʻano maʻamau | ʻO nā bila, nā lāʻau, nā koʻokoʻo, nā lau, a me nā apo. | ʻO ke kumu hoʻomaka no ka mīkini ʻana i nā ʻāpana wili koʻikoʻi. |
| ʻO nā huila ikona | Inconel 718, Waspaloy, Alloy 720, René 41, Udimet 720. | Hōʻike i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hoʻolālā alloy no ka hana koi nui. |
| Nā ʻoihana kumu mua | Aerospace (Jet Engines), Hoʻoulu mana, Rocketry. | E ho'ā i nā kaomi ʻenekini kiʻekiʻe a me nā mahana, e alakaʻi ana i ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ke kuʻi. |
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻO nā Superalloy i hana ʻia ma muli o Nickel hōʻike i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻepekema mea metala no nā ʻāpana wili kiʻekiʻe-koʻikoʻi. ʻO kā lākou kemika paʻakikī a me ka microstructure i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka mālama pono ʻana iā lākou i mea nui no ka hoʻokau ʻana i nā palena o ka hana a me ka maikaʻi i nā mokulele a me nā ʻōnaehana mana.