Ultimate Guide to Cutting Tools: Chifukwa Chake Carbide ndi Advanced Composites Amalamulira Pansi Pansipa

Ngati pali chinthu chimodzi chomwe chimapangitsa woyang'anira sitolo yamakina kukhala maso usiku, ndikuopa kusagwirizana kwa zida. Inu mukudziwa kumverera. Muli ndi dongosolo lalikulu la magawo apamlengalenga, makina akugwira ntchito, ndipo mwadzidzidzi - kugunda. Chidacho chimasweka, gawolo limachotsedwa, ndipo malire anu amagunda. Ku Dezhou Drillstar Cutting Tool Co., Ltd, tikuwona izi zikuchitika pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chake? Nthawi zambiri, si makina; ndiye kusankha zida zodulira zida.

Nkhaniyi ndi kalozera wanu wathunthu kuti mumvetsetse zida zodulira zida malo. Tidziwiratu mozama chifukwa chake carbide wakhala muyezo makampani, kufufuza kumene zida zodulira ceramic kuwala, ndi kuyang'ana zinthu zolimba kwambiri ngati kiyubiki boron nitride. Kaya mukudula chitsulo chachitsulo, aluminiyamu, kapena chitsulo cholimba, kumvetsetsa katundu wa zipangizozi ndi chinsinsi chotsegula bwino moyo chida ndi kumaliza pamwamba.

Chifukwa chiyani kusankha kwa zida zodulira kuli kofunika kwambiri pamachitidwe anu opangira makina?

The kusankha chida chodulira mosakayikira ndi chisankho chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga. The chida chodulira ndiye malo olumikizirana pakati pa mtengo wanu makina chida ndi yaiwisi workpiece. Ngati malo olumikiziranawo alephera, china chilichonse chimayima.

Choyamba, ganizirani kutentha. Nthawi ntchito za makina, kutentha pa m'mphepete imatha kukwera pamwamba pa 1000 ° C. Ngati ndi zida zodulira zida akusowa kutentha kuuma, zidzafewetsa ndi kupunduka. Izi zimabweretsa kusalolera bwino komanso gawo lokanidwa. Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podula zida ayenera kukhalabe okhazikika ngakhale kutentha kuli koyaka.

Chachiwiri, tiyenera kukambirana kuvala kukana. Chida chomwe chimatha mwachangu chimafunikira kusintha pafupipafupi. Kutsika uku kumapha mphamvu. Posankha a chida chodulira choyenera ndi malire oyenera a kulimba ndi kukana kuvala, mumaonetsetsa kuti mzere wanu wopanga ukuyendabe. Ndi za kulosera. Wogawa ngati inu akagulitsa chida ku shopu yamakina, ayenera kudziwa kuti izikhala ndi magawo 500, osalephera pa 50.

Ndi mitundu iti yayikulu ya zida zodulira zomwe zilipo masiku ano?

Mbiri ya kudula zitsulo kwenikweni ndi mbiri ya zinthu sayansi. Pazaka zana zapitazi, tachoka ku zitsulo zosavuta za kaboni kupita kumagulu apamwamba omwe amatha kudula ma aloyi olimba ngati batala.

Pano pali kusokonezeka kwachangu kwa mitundu ya zida zodulira zida nthawi zambiri timawona:

• Chitsulo Chothamanga Kwambiri (HSS): Zakale zodalirika. Zolimba, koma zopanda liwiro.
• Simenti Carbide: Kavalo wantchito. Zabwino kwambiri kuvala kukana ndi liwiro luso.
• Zoumba: Ziwanda zothamanga. Zabwino kwambiri pakutentha kwakukulu, koma brittle.
• Cermets: Kuphatikiza kwa ceramic ndi chitsulo. Zabwino pomaliza.
• Zida Zapamwamba (CBN & PCD): The akatswiri kwambiri kuuma kapena abrasive zipangizo.

Kumvetsetsa izi mitundu ya kudula zida zimakuthandizani kuti mufanane ndi chidacho ndi ntchito. Simungagwiritse ntchito nyundo yagalasi pokhomerera msomali, ndipo simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito HSS kutembenuza chitsulo cholimba cha nkhungu.

Chifukwa chiyani cemented carbide ndiye muyezo wamakampani opanga makina amakono?

Mukalowa mu shopu yamakono ya CNC, zida zambiri zomwe mumawona - mphero zomaliza, zobowolera, zoyikapo - zimapangidwa ndi simenti carbide. Koma ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Carbide ya simenti ndi zinthu zophatikiza. Zimakhala zovuta tungsten carbide particles cemented pamodzi ndi zitsulo binder, kawirikawiri cobalt. Ganizirani izi ngati konkire: tungsten ndi aggregate (mwala), ndipo cobalt ndi simenti. Kuphatikiza uku kumapereka zida za carbide mwayi wapadera. Iwo ndi olimba modabwitsa, opereka apamwamba kuvala kukana, koma chomangira cha cobalt chimapereka kulimba kokwanira kupirira mphamvu zodulira popanda kusweka nthawi yomweyo.

Ku Drillstar, timagwiritsa ntchito timbewu tating'ono tapamwamba kwambiri carbide ndodo kupanga zathu Zolimba za Carbide. M’mene mbewuyo imamera bwino, m’pamenenso timakhoza kugaya m’mphepete mwake, ndi chida champhamvu kwambiri. Zida zodulira Carbide imatha kuthamanga pa liwiro la 2 mpaka 3 mwachangu kuposa HSS, yomwe imatanthawuza mwachindunji ndalama zosungidwa pa nthawi yamakina.

Kodi zida za High-Speed Steel (HSS) zimafananiza bwanji ndi zida zodulira carbide?

Inu mukhoza kudabwa, ngati carbide ndi zazikulu, chifukwa chiyani zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri alipobe? Chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri (HSS) inali kusintha pamene inayambitsidwa, kulola zambiri kuthamanga kwambiri kudula kuposa wamkulu zida za carbon zitsulo.

Ubwino waukulu wa HSS ndi kulimba kwake. Imatha kuyamwa kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka komwe kungapangitse a carbide chida. Izi zimapangitsa HSS kukhala yabwino kwa:

• Makina akale, osakhazikika.
• Mabala osokonezedwa.
• Zida zamitundu zovuta zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzipera kuchokera ku carbide yolimba.

Komabe, HSS ili ndi chofooka chachikulu: kutentha kuuma. Pamene a kudula liwiro kumawonjezeka, kutentha kumapanga mofulumira. Pafupifupi 600 ° C, HSS imataya kuuma kwake. Mosiyana, zida za simenti za carbide sungani kuuma kwawo pa kutentha kwambiri. Kwa malo opanga kwambiri omwe nthawi yozungulira imakhala mfumu, kudula carbide pafupifupi nthawi zonse kusankha kwapamwamba.

Ndi liti pamene muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodulira za ceramic mu makina anu?

Zida zodulira Ceramic ndi gulu lochititsa chidwi. Amapangidwa makamaka ndi aluminium oxide kapena silicon nitride. Zidazi ndi zolimba kwambiri komanso zokhazikika pamankhwala. Sachita nawo workpiece zakuthupi, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuvala kwamtundu wotchedwa crater wear.

Ceramic kudula imawonekera muzochitika zenizeni:

1. Kutembenuka Kwambiri: Mutha kuyendetsa ma ceramics pa liwiro lapamwamba kwambiri.
2. Kutembenuza Molimba: Machining zitsulo zolimba (mpaka 60-65 HRC).
3. Ma Superalloys: Makina opangidwa ndi nickel-based alloys omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini za jet.

Komabe, zipangizo za ceramic kukhala otsika matenthedwe kukana kugwedezeka (m'makalasi ena) ndipo ndizowonongeka kwambiri. Ngati muli ndi makina okhala ndi zimbalangondo zotayirira kapena mukudula kwambiri, a chida chodulira ceramic akhoza kusweka. Amafunikira kukhazikika kokhazikika. Koma ikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, zida zodulira ceramic akhoza kuchotsa zitsulo pa mitengo kuti carbide sindingathe kukhudza.

Kodi Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) ndi chiyani ndipo ndichifukwa chiyani ili yachiwiri yovuta kwambiri?

Tikakamba za zinthu zolimba kwambiri padziko lapansi, diamondi ndi nambala wani. Koma kuseri kumene kuli kiyubiki boron nitride (CBN). CBN ndiye chinthu chachiwiri cholimba kwambiri wodziwika kwa munthu.

CBN imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga zitsulo zolimba. Mosiyana ndi diamondi, CBN sichitapo kanthu ndi carbon pa kutentha kwakukulu, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yotetezeka podula zitsulo. Zida zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maupangiri a CBN opangira zitsulo zolimba, zitsulo zotayidwa, ndi zitsulo zowuma.

Kugwiritsa ntchito CBN kumalola opanga kuti asinthe ntchito zogaya ndi makina. Iyi ndi njira yotchedwa "hard turning." M'malo mokhazikitsa gudumu lopera, mumagwiritsa ntchito choyikapo cha CBN kuti mutembenuzire shaft yolimba kukula. Izi ndizofulumira komanso zokonda zachilengedwe chifukwa zimagwiritsa ntchito zoziziritsa kukhosi zochepa.

Kodi zida zodulira diamondi (PCD) ndiye njira yothetsera zinthu zopanda chitsulo?

Zida za Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) ndi zida zodula kwambiri zomwe zilipo. Kudula kwa diamondi amapereka zosayerekezeka kuvala kukana. Komabe, pali kugwira. Simungagwiritse ntchito diamondi kudula chitsulo.

Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa chitsulo chimakhala ndi carbon, ndipo diamondi ndi carbon yoyera. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kupanga makina, maatomu a carbon mu diamondi amafuna kusamukira muzitsulo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mankhwala azivala mwachangu.

Chifukwa chake, Zida za PCD ndi chida chabwino kwambiri chodulira kusankha kwa zinthu zopanda chitsulo. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Aluminiyamu ma alloys (makamaka aluminiyamu yapamwamba ya silicon yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini zamagalimoto).
• Mkuwa ndi mkuwa.
• Mpweya wa carbon composites.
• Zida zowononga monga matabwa ndi ceramic.

Ngati mukupanga nyumba za aluminiyamu pazamagetsi, chida cha PCD chimatha kukhala nthawi 50 mpaka 100 kuposa chida chodulira carbide simenti.

Kodi zokutira ngati Titanium Nitride zimathandizira bwanji m'mphepete mwake?

Zinthu zoyambira ndi theka la nkhaniyo. Kuti tipindule kwambiri ndi chida, nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito zokutira zopyapyala. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi chakuti zokutira zagolide zomwe mumaziwona pazitsulo zobowola: Titaniyamu nitride (TiN).

Zopakapaka zimagwira ntchito zingapo:

1. Kulimba: Iwo ndi ovuta kuposa gawo lapansi, kuteteza m'mphepete.
2. Kupaka mafuta: Amachepetsa kukangana pakati pa chida ndi chip, kuchepetsa kutentha.
3. Thermal Barrier: Iwo ali otsika matenthedwe madutsidwe, kusunga kutentha mu chip ndi kunja kwa chida.

Kupitilira TiN, timagwiritsa ntchito zokutira zapamwamba monga Titanium Carbonitride (TiCN) ndi Aluminium Titanium Nitride (AlTiN). AlTiN ndiyabwino kwambiri zida zodulira carbide amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina owuma chifukwa akatentha, amapanga chitetezo cha aluminium oxide.

Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe ziyenera kukutsogolerani kusankha chida chodulira?

The kusankha zida zodulira zida sichiyenera kukhala chongoganiza. Iyenera kukhala chigamulo chowerengeredwa potengera zosintha zinazake. Tikamakambirana ndi makasitomala athu Carbide Drills, tikufunsa kuti:

1. Zida Zogwirira Ntchito: Kodi ndi aluminiyamu yofewa kapena chitsulo chonyezimira? Zida monga titaniyamu imafuna zida zokhala ndi mankhwala apadera kuti apewe kugwidwa.
2. Kulimba: Ngati HRC ili pamwamba 50, muyenera mkulu-ntchito carbide kapena CBN.
3. Mkhalidwe Wamakina: Kodi spindle yanu ndi yolimba? Ngati inde, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zovuta, zovuta kwambiri. Ngati sichoncho, muyenera kulimba.
4. Voliyumu Yopanga: Kwa chitsanzo, HSS ikhoza kukhala yotsika mtengo komanso yabwino. Kwa magawo 10,000, mtengo wa gawo lililonse la zokutira carbide chida ndi chotsika kwambiri.

The chida choyenera ndi amene amakupatsani mtengo wotsikitsitsa pa dzenje lililonse kapena pa makina opangidwa ndi makina, osati omwe ali ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri pabokosilo.

Kodi timatanthauzira bwanji ndikuyeza moyo wa zida muzinthu zosiyanasiyana?

Chida moyo Nthawi zambiri amatanthauzidwa ngati nthawi yomwe chida chimadula bwino chisanalephereke kapena kupanga magawo osavomerezeka. Zolakwika zimachitika chifukwa zida kuvala, kupukuta, kapena kupunduka kwa pulasitiki.

Mu kudula carbide simenti, timayang'ana mavalidwe odziwikiratu. Tikufuna kuti mbali yovala yambali ikule pang'onopang'ono komanso mofanana. Ngati ndi m'mphepete tchipisi (micro-ming'alu), chidacho chimatha kulephera mowopsa.

Zosiyana mitundu ya kudula kupanga zovala zosiyanasiyana.

• Crater Wear: Kukhumudwa kwa concave pa chida nkhope, chifukwa cha mankhwala ndi kutentha. Zodziwika mu kudula zitsulo.
• Flank Wear: Abrasion kumbali ya chida. Umu ndi momwe anthu ambiri amakhalira kumapeto kwa moyo zida za carbide.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo ndi mkulu kutentha kuuma ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala (monga titaniyamu carbide zokutira kapena silicon nitride Ceramics) amachedwetsa makina awa.

Kodi matenthedwe madulidwe amakhudza bwanji kudula?

Kutentha ndi mdani. Kuthekera kwa zinthu kutengera kutentha kumatanthauzidwa ndi zake matenthedwe madutsidwe.

Nthawi zina, mukufuna mkulu conductivity. Mwachitsanzo, PCD (diamondi) imakhala ndi matenthedwe apamwamba kwambiri, omwe amathandiza kukokera kutentha kutali ndi malo odulira akamacheka. aluminiyamu.

Nthawi zina, mukufuna otsika conductivity. Zida za Ceramic kudula zida nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika matenthedwe madutsidwe. Izi zimasunga kutentha mu chip ndi workpiece, kuteteza mawonekedwe a chida. Komabe, izi zikutanthauzanso kuti ceramic amatengera kutentha kutentha. Ngati muphulitsa choziziritsa kukhosi pa choyikapo chotentha cha ceramic, chikhoza kung'ambika ngati galasi lotentha m'madzi ozizira.

Kumvetsetsa izi kumathandizira kusankha chida chodulira njira monga kunyowa (mozizira) kapena kuuma.

Kulinganiza Mtengo motsutsana ndi Magwiridwe: Kawonedwe ka Wopanga

Monga wopanga Zoyika Simenti za Carbide, Nthawi zambiri ndimayenera kufotokozera kwa ogulitsa chifukwa chake chida chimawononga zomwe chimachita.

Chida chokhazikika chikhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njere yokulirapo tungsten carbide. Ndizotsika mtengo. Chida chamtengo wapatali chimagwiritsa ntchito sub-micro grain carbide yokhala ndi 12% cobalt ndi multilayer nano-coating. Chida chamtengo wapatali chikhoza kuwononga 30% yowonjezera koma chitha 300% motalika.

Za ntchito za makina pomwe nthawi yotsika ndi yokwera mtengo (monga pamzere waukulu wopangira makina), chida chamtengo wapatali ndicho njira yotsika mtengo. Komabe, kwa sitolo yaing'ono yokonza ntchito imodzi yokha, ndi kudula kwambiri Kuchita bwino kwa ma premiums kungakhale kovuta.

The kalozera wa chida chodulira kugula ndikosavuta: kuwerengera mtengo pagawo lililonse, osati mtengo pa chida chilichonse.

Chidule Chachidule: Zofunika Kwambiri Posankha Zida Zodulira

Kuzungulira dziko la kudula zida zoyikapo ndipo zida zolimba zingakhale zovuta. Nazi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kukumbukira kuchokera mu bukhuli:

• Cemented Carbide ndi Mfumu: Amapereka bwino bwino kwa kuuma ndi kulimba kwa 80% ya kudula mapulogalamu.
• Fananizani Zinthu: Gwiritsani ntchito PCD zinthu zopanda chitsulo monga aluminiyamu. Gwiritsani ntchito CBN pazitsulo zolimba. Gwiritsani ntchito ma ceramics kwa superalloys.
• Kuwongolera Kutentha: Kutentha kwambiri kupha zida. Sankhani zida zomwe zili ndi zoyenera kutentha kuuma ndi matenthedwe madutsidwe.
• Zovala Zofunika: Titaniyamu nitride ndi zokutira zina za PVD/CVD zimakulirakulira moyo chida pochepetsa kukangana ndi kutsekereza kutentha.
• Mtengo motsutsana ndi Mtengo: Osangoyang'ana mtengo wamtengo. A lakuthwa kudula m'mphepete zomwe zimatenga nthawi yayitali zimachepetsa kutsika kwa makina ndi mitengo yandalama.
• HSS ili ndi Niche: Osachotsera zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri kwa makhazikitsidwe osakhazikika kapena makina akale komwe kulimba amamenya liwiro.

Ku Drillstar, tadzipereka kukuthandizani kuti mupeze chida chodulira choyenera za ntchito. Kaya mukufuna muyezo Drill Bit Grinding Machine mayankho kapena mbiri carbide mwambo, kumvetsa sayansi za zinthu ndi sitepe yoyamba kuti Machining bwino.