
Ma superalloy opangidwa ndi Nickel ndi gulu la zida zogwira ntchito kwambiri zomwe zimapangidwira mphamvu zapadera zamakina, kukana kukwawa, komanso kukhazikika kwamapangidwe pamatenthedwe okwera, omwe amakhala pamwamba pa 540 ° C (1000 ° F). Mawu oti "opangidwa" amatanthauza kuti ma alloyswa amapangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe awo omaliza kudzera munjira za thermomechanical monga kufota, kugudubuza, kapena kutulutsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mbewu yabwino, yolunjika yomwe imapereka mphamvu zapamwamba komanso kutopa poyerekeza ndi anzawo.
Ndiwo msana wa zigawo zotentha kwambiri zozungulira mumlengalenga ndi magetsi, kumene kulephera sikungatheke.
Mphamvu Zapadera Zakutentha Kwambiri: Amasunga kachigawo kakang'ono ka mphamvu ya kutentha kwa chipinda chawo pa kutentha pafupi ndi malo osungunuka, makamaka chifukwa cha gawo lokhazikika, logwirizana la gamma-prime (γ') [Ni₃ (Al, Ti)].
Kukaniza Kwabwino Kwambiri kwa Creep: Amakana kupindika pansi pa kupsinjika kwamakina kosalekeza pa kutentha kwakukulu, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamasamba a turbine ndi ma discs omwe amayenera kusungitsa kuvomerezeka kwanthawi yayitali.
Kukaniza Kutopa Kwapamwamba: Ma microstructure opangidwa, okhala ndi njere zake zoyengedwa bwino komanso zolondolera molunjika, amapereka kukana koyambitsa ming'alu ndi kufalitsa mozungulira mozungulira.
Kukaniza Kwabwino Kwambiri kwa Oxidation & Corrosion Resistance: Zinthu zambiri za chromium (nthawi zambiri 10-20%) zimathandizira kupanga sikelo yoteteza, yokhazikika ya chromia (Cr₂O₃), kukana kuwonongeka m'malo otentha, oxidizing.
Kukhazikika kwa Microstructural: Amapangidwa kuti asavutike ndi kuwonjezereka kwa madzi owonjezera komanso kupanga magawo owononga a topologically close-packed (TCP) panthawi yokhudzana ndi kupsinjika kwanthawi yayitali komanso kutentha.
Ma superalloys opangidwa ndi nickel ndi ofunikira kwambiri pamachitidwe ozungulira omwe amafunikira kwambiri:
Mitundu ya Jet Engine:
Ma disc a Turbine: Ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Ma discs amagwira ntchito mothamanga kwambiri komanso kupsinjika, zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu yolimba kwambiri, moyo wotopa, komanso kulimba kwapang'onopang'ono. Ma alloys ngati Inconel 718 ndi Waspaloy ndi miyezo yamakampani.
Shafts, Spacers, ndi Compressor Components.
Ma turbine a Gasi Otengera Pamtunda: Popanga magetsi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma turbine discs ndi masamba.
Mainjini a Rocket: Pazigawo za turbopump zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu zochulukirapo pakulemera kwambiri m'malo ovuta kwambiri.
Zida Zanyukiliya & Zomangira Zotentha Kwambiri.
Gome lotsatirali likufotokoza mwachidule zinthu zofunika kuziwona mwachangu:
| Mbali | Kufotokozera | Ubwino |
| Njira Yopangira | Thermomechanical Processing (Forging, Rolling). | Amapanga kapangidwe kambewu kakang'ono, kofananako kamene kamapangitsa kuti pakhale kutentha kwambiri komanso kutopa kwambiri. |
| Gawo Lolimbikitsa Kwambiri | Gamma-Prime (γ') [Ni₃(Al, Ti)] kugwa. | Amapereka njira yoyamba yamphamvu yotentha kwambiri komanso kukana kukwawa. |
| Zofunika Kwambiri | Kukhazikika & Kutopa Mphamvu, Kukaniza kwa Creep, Kulimba Mtima. | Zoyenera kupsinjika kwambiri, zozungulira kwambiri ngati ma turbine discs. |
| Mawonekedwe Odziwika | Billets, mipiringidzo, ndodo, mapepala, ndi mphete. | Zoyambira zopangira zida zozungulira zofunika kwambiri. |
| Ma Iconic Alloys | Inconel 718, Waspaloy, Alloy 720, René 41, Udimet 720. | Kuwonetsa kusinthika kwa mapangidwe a alloy kuti agwire ntchito yovuta kwambiri. |
| Makampani Oyamba | Azamlengalenga (Jet Engines), Power Generation, Rocketry. | Yambitsani kupanikizika kwa injini ndi kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu zambiri komanso kukanikiza. |
Mwachidule, Ma Superalloys Opangidwa ndi Nickel kuimira pachimake cha zitsulo zinthu sayansi kwa mkulu-kupsyinjika, mkulu-kutentha kasinthasintha zigawo zikuluzikulu. Mapangidwe awo ovuta komanso oyendetsedwa bwino amawapanga kukhala ofunikira pakukankhira malire a magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito amakono oyendetsa ndege ndi magetsi.