Ukoresha amasaha ibihumbi na miriyoni yamadorari mugushushanya silikoni itagira inenge, ariko niba amazu yumubiri ananiwe, ibice byose nta gaciro bifite. Inzitizi iri hagati yubwonko bwa elegitoronike ikora nigice cya silicon yakuweho ni encapsulation. Ubu buyobozi bwuzuye busenya isi igoye yo gupakira ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigezweho. Birakwiye ko usoma kuko gusobanukirwa ibikoresho byihariye, imbaraga zumuriro, hamwe nubukanishi bugira uruhare mukurinda silikoni bizamura cyane umusaruro wawe. Waba ucunga umurongo munini wo guterana cyangwa gushakisha ibikoresho byuzuye kugirango ubashe gukora imashini ubwazo, kumenya neza ibyo bitekerezo bizagutwara igihe, kugabanya ibicuruzwa bihenze, kandi biguhe amahirwe menshi yo guhatanira isoko.
Igicapo ni iki kandi ni ukubera iki ensapsulation ifite akamaro mu nganda ziciriritse?
Muri rusange, an ic ni ibirwanisho bikingira bikikije igice cya silicon. Hatariho urwego rukomeye rwo kurinda, rwambaye ubusa chip byahita bihura nibidukikije nkubushuhe, umukungugu, ningaruka zumubiri. Intego y'ibanze ya enapsulation ni ugushiraho burundu imiterere yimbere yimbere yisi. Ibi byemeza ko ibice bizakora neza mumyaka, byaba byashyizwe mubyumba bya seriveri bigenzurwa nikirere cyangwa munsi yimodoka yimodoka.
Kw'isi yose inganda ziciriritse, amazu yumubiri nayo akora nkikiraro gikomeye. Ihindura microscopique ihuza ingingo kuri silicon mo ikirenge kinini, gisanzwe gishobora kugurishwa kuri a pcb (icapiro ryumuzunguruko). Ibi bivuze abatoranijwe Ubwoko bwa paki mu buryo butaziguye uburyo ibice byinjira mubicuruzwa byanyuma. Amazu yatoranijwe nabi arashobora gutuma hashyuha cyane, kwangirika kw'ibimenyetso, cyangwa kunanirwa kwa mashini mugihe gisanzwe.
Uwiteka ikoranabuhanga inyuma yiyi nzira iratangaje. Turimo gufata ikintu cyoroshye nkigikonjo cyamagi hanyuma tukagishyira mubikoresho bigoye byubukorikori. Uyu munsi, ibice bikunze kugaragara mubibaho ni hejuru ibikoresho. Niba ukora ibintu byoroshye smd ibice cyangwa ibintu byinshi bitunganijwe neza, ihame rimwe rirakurikizwa: igikonoshwa cyo hanze kigomba kuba cyuzuye rwose.
Nigute uburyo bwo gupakira burinda chip yoroshye kwangirika?
Urugendo ruva mubice bya silikoni yambaye ubusa kugeza ibicuruzwa byarangiye, bishobora kugurishwa biragoye cyane. Ibigezweho inzira yo gukora ikoresha uburyo butandukanye buhanitse kugirango tumenye neza. Kimwe mu binenga cyane uburyo bwo gupakira bikubiyemo gushiraho amashanyarazi mbere yuko ikimenyetso cya nyuma kibaho. Kurugero, murwego rwo hejuru inteko ya flip-chip, agace gakora ka silicon kahinduwe hejuru. Ihuza neza nuburyo bwimbere ikoresheje ibyuma bito bito.
Ibi byihariye flip chip kwiyegereza bigabanya cyane intera ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi bigomba kugenda. Itanga amashanyarazi meza. Nyamara, iyi microscopique ugurisha ibibyimba bisaba uburinzi bukomeye. Rimwe guhuza byakozwe neza, inteko yose igomba gufungwa neza ahantu. Ibikoresho byo gukingira bitembera muri utwo duce duto, bitanga ubufasha bukomeye kandi bukabarinda gucika intege.
Kugera kuri uru rwego rwibisobanuro bisaba ibikoresho bifatika bidasanzwe. Ibishushanyo by'icyuma bikoreshwa mugushiraho igikonoshwa cya nyuma kirinda bigomba gukorwa kugirango bishoboke. Iyo uhimba ibyuma biremereye, abakora ibikoresho bashingira kumikorere-yo hejuruImyitozo ya Carbide guca neza imiyoboro ikonjesha hamwe nicyambu cyo gutera inshinge udasize burrs ishobora guhungabanya amazi ya plastiki ikingira.
Epoxy mold compound niki kandi kuki ikoreshwa cyane?
Iyo tuvuze umubiri wumukara wa plastike yumukara wa microchip isanzwe, duhora tuvuga kuri an epoxy mold. Ibi bikoresho ni umwihariko thermoset plastike. Bitandukanye na plastiki ya buri munsi ishobora gushonga no guhindurwa, thermoset ikora imiti idasubirwaho iyo ishyushye. Iyo imaze gukira, ikora igishishwa kidasanzwe, kiramba, kandi gihoraho.
An epoxy mold compound (bikunze kuvugwa nka emc) mubyukuri ni injeniyeri yimashini ikora cyane. Igizwe na base epoxy resin, ibintu bikomantaza, hamwe na silika yuzuye. Silika ni ngombwa kuko igabanya cyane igipimo cyo kwaguka kw'ibikoresho iyo ihuye n'ubushyuhe. Ibi emcs Kugaragaza umugongo wuzuye wa kijyambere plastike amazu yibigize. Uwiteka ibikoresho byakoreshejwe igomba kandi kuba nziza dielectric imitungo, kwemeza ko ikora nka insulator zikoresha amashanyarazi kugirango zirinde imiyoboro ngufi.
“Guhora kwawe kubumba ibikoresho byerekana neza ibicuruzwa byawe byanyuma. Mu nganda nyinshi, guhanura ni inyungu. ”
Nigute uburyo bwo guhuza ibice hamwe na substrate no guhuza?
Mugihe cyo gutera inshinge nyirizina, ishyushye, ryinshi gushushanya ihatirwa mu cyuma cyumuvuduko mwinshi. Igomba gutembera neza hejuru ya silicon yoroshye hamwe ninyuma substrate. Iyi ni inzira y'urugomo. Niba imbaraga zamazi zitagenzuwe neza, amazi yihuta arashobora guhanagura insinga ntoya ya zahabu ikora guhuza.
Byongeye kandi, amazi agomba kuzuza buri microscopique imwe cavity imbere. Umwuka wose wafashwe utera icyuho. Icyuho kimwe gifatwa nkibiza inenge. Niba ubuhehere burundu imbere mu cyuho, ubushyuhe bwitanura risanzwe bugurisha bizahindura ubwo bushyuhe mu cyuka, mubyukuri bihindura ibice bitari imbere (bizwi nka "popcorn effect").
Kurinda ibi ,. Imigaragarire hagati ya plastiki ikingira hamwe nicyuma kiyobora ibyuma bigomba kuba bikomeye. Birakwiye Igishushanyo mbonera ifite uruhare runini hano. Ba injeniyeri bakunze gushushanya ibintu bifatika bifatika cyangwa bagakoresha imiti yihariye yo gufata imiti kugirango plastike ifate ibyuma bitagira inenge.
Ni uruhe ruhare wafer igira mbere yo kuririmba?
Amateka, silikoni yashizwemo ibice mbere yo kuyipakira. Ariko, kugirango arusheho gukora neza kandi Hindura ikirenge, inganda zateye imbere wafer-Gupakira neza. Muri ubu buryo bugezweho, disiki ya silicon yose izengurutswe kandi igafungwa icyarimwe mbere yuko gukata bibaho.
Muri iki cyiciro, urwego rwibikoresho bikingira rutwikiriye ubuso bwose bwo hejuru bwa disiki itavunitse. Gusa nyuma yo kurinda urwego rumaze gukira neza inzira ya kuririmba tangira. Kuririmba nuburyo bwubugome bwubukorikori bwo gukata disiki nini, ifunze mu bihumbi byabantu, ibice byanyuma.
Iyi nzira yo gukata irazwi cyane kuko icyuma kibonye kigomba guca muri silikoni ikomeye ndetse na plastike yuzuye silika icyarimwe. Irasaba ibikoresho bidasanzwe kandi bikomeye byo gukata. Nkuko umukanishi akoresha ubuhanga Tungsten Ikomeye ya Carbide kwihanganira kwambara nabi hasi ya CNC, ibyuma byo gushushanya bigomba kwihanganira guterana gukabije kugirango wirinde gukata impande zoroshye z'ibice bishya.
Nigute sisitemu nka LPKF itwara laser gutunganya no guhimba imbere?
Nkibisabwa bikabije miniaturisation gukura, gukata imashini gakondo bigera kumipaka yumubiri. Mugihe wubaka ibice byamasaha yubwenge cyangwa gushiramo ubuvuzi, icyuma gikora ni cyinshi cyane kandi kirakabije. Aha niho sisitemu ya laser igezweho, nkizambere lpkf, intambwe muguhindura imikorere.
Gutunganya lazeri ni igice cyibanze cyibigezweho ibihimbano. Aho gusya ukoresheje ibikoresho, lazeri-ifite imbaraga nyinshi zihita zihumeka epoxy mold compound na silikoni munsi yacyo. Ubu buryo bwo gukuraho busize busize impande zidasanzwe kandi butuma habaho intera ndende hagati yibigize kumurongo.
Iyi nini gutera imbere bivuze ko ibyubaka bishobora gutemwa no gushushanywa neza na bike µm (micrometero). Muguhuza lazeri yateye imbere hamwe na gakondo lithographie, abayikora barashobora gukora ibintu bigoye cyane, bitatu-bipakiye bipfunyika bidashoboka kubyara umusaruro mumyaka icumi ishize.
Ni ukubera iki vias hamwe ninzira igezweho ari ngombwa kuri IC-yuzuye cyane?
Abatunganya kijyambere ntabwo ari kare gusa; biragoye, ibyiciro byinshi byububiko bwamakuru. Mugihe dupakira ibikorwa byinshi mumwanya umwe ,. inzira y'ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi biba ikibazo gikomeye cya geometrike. Inzira y'imbere igomba kuba ngufi bidasanzwe kugirango igumane umuvuduko kandi igabanye gukoresha ingufu.
Kugirango ubigereho, injeniyeri bakoresha utuntu duto, duhagaritse umwobo witwa vias. Iyi tunes ya microscopique yashizwemo na a kuyobora icyuma, mubisanzwe cu (umuringa), guhuza ibice bitandukanye bya substrate cyangwa imbere kugabana. Uwiteka rdl ni muburyo bwa microscopique yumuhanda uhuza ultra-nziza ihuza kuri silicon ipfa kumipira minini yagurishijwe hanze.
Ibi ubucucike bukabije imiterere nikintu gikenewe rwose kuri comptabilite igezweho. Rimwe na rimwe, gukurura gakondo ntibishobora kugera kumurongo mwiza ukenewe. Muri ibi bihe, inyongera tekiniki yo gukora ikoreshwa mugukora buhoro buhoro ibimenyetso byumuringa bisabwa.
- Hejuru ya Pin Counts: Ibice byinshi bigoye bisaba guhuza byinshi.
- Inzira Zibimenyetso Bigufi: Guhuza bihagaritse kugabanya cyane gutinda kw'ibimenyetso.
- Kugabanya ikirenge: Gushyira hamwe byemerera ubunini bwibikoresho muri rusange.
Ni izihe mbogamizi zo kwagura ubushyuhe hamwe nintambara mugihe cyo kubumba?
Ubushyuhe ni umwanzi wanyuma wo gukora neza. Mugihe cyubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo gukiza, ibikoresho byose biraguka. Ikibazo gikomeye kivuka kuko hariho nini kudahuza in kwaguka k'ubushyuhe igipimo kiri hagati ya silicon yera ipfa, ikariso yumuringa, hamwe nigikonoshwa cya plastiki.
Dupima uku kwaguka dukoresheje coefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe (cyangwa cte). Niba CTE itaringanijwe neza, inteko yose izaterana nkuko ikonje kugeza ubushyuhe bwicyumba. Byunamye byukuri nkibishishwa byibirayi. Ibi Urupapuro ni inzozi zo guterana. Niba ibigize bitameze neza, i kugurisha hamwe Bizananirana mu gihe cya smt (tekinoroji yububiko bwa tekinoroji) inzira yumugereka.
Kurwanya ibi, abajenjeri bakoresha ubuhanga igikoresho cyo gushushanya software yo kwigana ubushyuhe bwumuriro mbere yumubiri prototype ni Byubatswe. Bahindura neza witonze silika yuzuza muri epoxy mold kwemeza CTE yayo ihuye neza niy'inama y'ubutegetsi. Nigikorwa cyiza cyo kuringaniza chimie na physics.
Ubuhanga busanzwe bwo gupakira ntibuhagije rwose kubisabwa bikabije 5g itumanaho hamwe na sisitemu ya radar igezweho. Kuri iyi ultra-high frequency, amazu yumubiri ubwayo arashobora kubangamira cyane ibimenyetso bya radio. Tugomba guhora dukurikirana kunoza imikorere ukoresheje ibikoresho kabuhariwe.
Kuri a Umuyoboro mwinshi sensor cyangwa antene ,. ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi Bya i gushushanya birasuzumwa cyane. Niba ibikoresho bikurura ingufu za electromagnetic nyinshi, ikimenyetso kirapfa. Kubwibyo, ibisigisigi byihariye-bitakaye byateguwe byumwihariko kugirango ureke ibyo bimenyetso byihuse byanyuze nta kwangirika.
Byongeye kandi, tubona kuzamuka kwa ic ubwubatsi. Ibitekerezo nka butandukanye kwishyira hamwe no ipaki Emera ibice bitandukanye byihariye-nkibikoresho byo kwibuka no gutunganya logique - gutondekwa neza. Ibi bituma inzira yerekana ibimenyetso bigufi bidasanzwe, byongera cyane muri rusange amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi. Iyo ibintu bisobanutse neza, ukoresheje ibikoresho byo murwego rwohejuru nka aInshuro eshatu (3-Umwironge) Urusyo iremeza ibizamini bifata ibyo bikoresho byihuta biringaniye kandi ni ukuri.
Polimeri ikomeye ya polymer irashobora gukumira ruswa cyangwa inenge?
Rwose. Ubwunganizi bwibanze bwo kurwanya ibintu bikaze byisi yumubiri nubunyangamugayo bwa polymer Igikonoshwa. Niba ari ibintu byoroshye gushishoza power transistor cyangwa igoye cyane kwaduka nta-kuyobora (qfn) microcontroller, intego nyamukuru ni zero zinjira. Umwuka wamazi nimpamvu nyamukuru itera imbere ruswa no kunanirwa imburagihe muri electronics zoherejwe.
Kugirango ugere kuri kashe nziza muri umusaruro mwinshi, ababikora bahitamo uburyo butandukanye bushingiye kubikomeye ibisabwa. Kubumba amazi Irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo budasanzwe, inteko zoroshye aho igitutu cyo gutera inshinge ari itegeko kugirango wirinde guhanagura insinga. Ibinyuranye, birakomeye kwikuramo kubumba ni Byakunzwe Kuri Kinini, Ihanamye kuko itanga uburinganire buhebuje kandi bwinjira cyane.
Intambwe imwe muri gushushanya no gukora icyiciro gisaba gukomera uburyo. Buri gihe hariho a gucuruza hagati yikiguzi, umuvuduko, no kwizerwa rwose. Ariko, mugusaba kugenzura ibintu bikomeye no gukoresha ibisubizo bishya, inganda zikomeje gutanga miliyari yibikoresho bitagira inenge buri mwaka. Uwiteka bikwiranye y'ibikoresho ikoreshwa mu ic guhimba amaherezo agena igihe cyikoranabuhanga twishingikiriza kumunsi.
Inshamake y'ibyingenzi byingenzi:
- Uwiteka ic itanga uburinzi bukomeye bwumubiri hamwe nibyingenzi byamashanyarazi kuri silicon yoroshye.
- Epoxy mold compound ikora nkuburinzi bwibanze bwo kurwanya ubushuhe, ihungabana, nimbere ruswa.
- Yateye imbere uburyo bwo gupakira bisaba pristine guhuza ubunyangamugayo kugirango ukomere ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi.
- Gucunga kwaguka k'ubushyuhe (cte) ni ngombwa gukumira Urupapuro kandi urebe neza ko bitunganye smt gushiraho ikibaho.
- Gukurikirana imikorere-yo hejuru in 5g Porogaramu yishingikiriza rwose mugutezimbere byombi igishushanyo mbonera na byihariye kubumba chimie.
- Intsinzi guteranya no kugerageza Biterwa nigikoresho gisobanutse neza, igenzura rikomeye ryamazi, kandi ryateye imbere ic tekinoroji.
- Kuva gakondo flip chip Ibishushanyo bigezweho butandukanye gutondeka ,. byinshi Bya i imikorere ya paki itwara inganda zose zikoranabuhanga imbere.
- A. igice cya kabiri ntishobora gukora mwisi nyayo idafite injeniyeri nziza, ihagaze neza plastike amazu.
