Ubuyobozi buhebuje bwo gutema ibikoresho: Impamvu Carbide hamwe nibindi bikoresho bigezweho bigenga igorofa

Niba hari ikintu kimwe gituma umuyobozi wububiko bwimashini adasinzira nijoro, ni ubwoba bwimikorere yibikoresho bidahuye. Uzi ibyiyumvo. Ufite gahunda nini y'ibice byo mu kirere, imashini irakora, kandi gitunguranye - gufata. Igikoresho kiravunika, igice cyarasibwe, kandi margin yawe ifata hit. Kuri Dezhou Drillstar Cutting Tool Co, Ltd, tubona ibi bintu bikina buri gihe. Intandaro? Akenshi, ntabwo imashini; ni guhitamo ibikoresho byo gukata ibikoresho.

Iyi ngingo nubuyobozi bwawe bwuzuye bwo gusobanukirwa gukata ibikoresho imiterere. Tuzibira cyane kubwimpamvu karbide yahindutse inganda nganda, shakisha aho ibikoresho byo gutema ceramic kumurika, no kureba ibikoresho bya superhard nka cubic boron nitride. Niba urimo gutema icyuma, aluminium, cyangwa ibyuma bikomeye, kumva imiterere yibi bikoresho ni ibanga ryo gufungura neza ubuzima bwigikoresho no hejuru.

Ni ukubera iki guhitamo gukata ibikoresho byingenzi mubikorwa byawe byo gutunganya?

Uwiteka guhitamo igikoresho cyo gukata ni impanuro yingenzi mubikorwa byo gukora. Uwiteka igikoresho cyo gukata ni ingingo yo guhuza hagati yawe ihenze igikoresho cyimashini na mbisi urupapuro. Niba iyo ngingo yo guhura yananiwe, ibindi byose birahagarara.

Banza, tekereza ubushyuhe. Mugihe ibikorwa byo gutunganya, ubushyuhe kuri gukata irashobora kuzamuka hejuru ya 1000 ° C. Niba gukata ibikoresho kubura ubukana bushyushye, bizoroshya kandi bihindure. Ibi biganisha ku kwihanganira nabi igice cyanze. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mugukata ibikoresho igomba gukomeza gushikama nubwo ubushyuhe buri.

Icya kabiri, tugomba kuvuga kwambara. Igikoresho cyangirika vuba bisaba impinduka kenshi. Iyi saha yo hasi yica imikorere. Guhitamo igikoresho cyo gukata iburyo hamwe nuburinganire bukwiye bwa gukomera no kwambara birwanya, uremeza ko umurongo wawe wo kubyara ukomeza kugenda. Nibijyanye no guhanura. Iyo umugabuzi nkawe agurisha igikoresho mumaduka yimashini, bakeneye kumenya ko bizamara ibice 500, ntibizananirwa kuri 50.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwo gukata ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri iki gihe?

Amateka ya gukata ibyuma nukuri amateka yibikoresho siyanse. Mu kinyejana gishize, twavuye mu byuma byoroheje bya karubone tujya mu bikoresho bigezweho bishobora guca mu mavuta akomeye nk'amavuta.

Hano harihuta gusenyuka kwa ubwoko bwibikoresho byo gukata dusanzwe tubona:

• Icyuma cyihuta cyane (HSS): Kera yizewe. Birakomeye, ariko bikabura umuvuduko.
• Carbide ya sima: Ifarashi. Cyiza kwambara n'ubushobozi bwihuta.
• Ubukorikori: Abadayimoni yihuta. Nibyiza kubushyuhe bwinshi, ariko bucye.
• Cermets: Uruvange rwa ceramic nicyuma. Nibyiza kurangiza.
• Ibikoresho bya superhard (CBN & PCD): Inzobere zo gukomera gukabije cyangwa ibikoresho byo gukuramo.

Gusobanukirwa ubwoko bwo gukata ibikoresho bigufasha guhuza igikoresho na porogaramu. Ntabwo wakoresha inyundo yikirahure kugirango utware umusumari, kandi ntugomba gukoresha HSS kugirango uhindure ibyuma bikomeye.

Ni ukubera iki sima ya karbide isanzwe yinganda zo gutunganya kijyambere?

Niba winjiye mububiko bwa CNC bugezweho, igice kinini cyibikoresho ubona-urusyo rwanyuma, imyitozo, insimburangingo - bikozwe Carbide. Ariko ni iki?

Carbide ya sima ni ibikoresho. Igizwe n'ibikomeye tungsten karbide ibice byashimangiwe hamwe nicyuma gihuza ibyuma, mubisanzwe cobalt. Bitekerezeho nka beto: tungsten ni igiteranyo (ibuye), na cobalt ni sima. Ihuriro ritanga ibikoresho bya karbide inyungu idasanzwe. Birakomeye bidasanzwe, bitanga hejuru kwambara, ariko cobalt binder itanga ubukana buhagije bwo guhangana nimbaraga zo gutema bidatinze guhita.

Kuri Drillstar, dukoresha ingano nziza-nziza karbide inkoni zo gukora ibyacu Ibiti bikomeye bya Carbide. Intete nziza, niko inkombe dushobora gusya, nigikoresho gikomeye. Ibikoresho byo gukata Carbide Irashobora gukora ku muvuduko inshuro 2 kugeza kuri 3 kurenza HSS, isobanura neza amafaranga yabitswe mugihe cyimashini.

Nigute ibikoresho byihuta cyane (HSS) bigereranya nibikoresho byo guca karbide?

Urashobora kwibaza, niba karbide ni byiza cyane, kubera iki ibyuma byihuta haracyariho? Icyuma cyihuta (HSS) yari impinduramatwara igihe yatangizwaga, yemerera byinshi umuvuduko mwinshi wo guca kuruta abakuze ibikoresho bya karubone.

Inyungu nyamukuru ya HSS nubukomezi bwayo. Irashobora gukurura ihungabana no kunyeganyega byafata a karbide igikoresho. Ibi bituma HSS iba nziza kuri:

• Imashini zishaje, zidahamye.
• Gukata.
• Ibikoresho bigoye bigoye gusya bivuye kuri karbide ikomeye.

Ariko, HSS ifite intege nke zikomeye: ubukana bushyushye. Iyo kugabanya umuvuduko kwiyongera, ubushyuhe butanga vuba. Hafi ya 600 ° C, HSS itakaza ubukana bwayo. Ibinyuranye, ibikoresho bya sima gumana ubukana bwabo ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane. Kubidukikije-byinshi cyane aho ibihe byumwami, gukata karbide ni hafi buri gihe ihitamo ryiza.

Ni ryari ugomba gukoresha ibikoresho byo gutema ceramic muri mashini yawe?

Ibikoresho byo gutema Ceramic ni icyiciro gishimishije. Zigizwe ahanini na aluminium cyangwa nitride. Ibi bikoresho birakomeye bidasanzwe kandi bihamye. Ntabwo bakira hamwe na ibikoresho by'akazi, irinda ubwoko bwimyambarire yitwa crater wear.

Gukata Ceramic Kumurika mu bihe byihariye:

1. Guhinduka byihuse: Urashobora gukoresha ububumbyi bwumuvuduko udasanzwe.
2. Guhinduka bikomeye: Gukora ibyuma bikomeye (kugeza 60-65 HRC).
3. Superalloys: Gukora nikel ishingiye kuri nikel ikoreshwa muri moteri yindege.

Ariko, ibikoresho bya ceramic kugira ubushyuhe buke guhangana no guhungabana (mubyiciro bimwe) kandi biroroshye. Niba ufite imashini ifite imyenda idakabije cyangwa niba ukora ibihano bikabije, a igikoresho cyo gutema ceramic irashobora kumeneka. Bakenera gushiraho. Ariko iyo ushyizwe mubikorwa neza, ibikoresho byo gutema ceramic irashobora gukuraho ibyuma kubiciro ibyo karbide gusa ntashobora gukoraho.

Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) ni iki kandi ni ukubera iki ari ibikoresho bya kabiri bikomeye?

Iyo tuvuze ibikoresho bikomeye kwisi, diyama nimero ya mbere. Ariko inyuma yacyo cubic boron nitride (CBN). CBN ni icya kabiri gikomeye bizwi n'abantu.

CBN ikoreshwa cyane cyane mugutunganya ibyuma bikomeye. Bitandukanye na diyama, CBN ntabwo ikora na karubone ku bushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma itema ibyuma. Ibikoresho birakoreshwa hamwe na CBN inama kumashini ibyuma bikomeye, ibyuma, hamwe nicyuma.

Gukoresha CBN bituma abayikora basimbuza ibikorwa byo gusya hamwe no gutunganya. Iyi ni inzira izwi nka "guhinduka cyane." Aho gushiraho uruziga rusya, ukoresha insimburangingo ya CBN kugirango uhindure igiti gikomeye kugirango ubunini. Ibi birihuta cyane kandi byangiza ibidukikije kuko ikoresha ubukonje buke.

Ibikoresho byo gukata diyama (PCD) nibisubizo byanyuma kubikoresho bidafite fer?

Ibikoresho bya Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) nibikoresho byo gukata bigoye kuboneka. Gukata diyama itanga ntagereranywa kwambara. Ariko, hariho gufata. Ntushobora gukoresha diyama kugirango ukate ibyuma.

Kubera iki? Kuberako ibyuma birimo karubone, na diyama ni karubone nziza. Ku bushyuhe bwinshi bwo gutunganya, atome ya karubone muri diyama irashaka kwimukira mu byuma. Ibi bitera kwambara vuba.

Kubwibyo, Ibikoresho bya PCD ni igikoresho cyiza cyo gukata guhitamo ibikoresho bidafite ferrous. Ibi birimo:

• Aluminium ibinyobwa (cyane cyane aluminium-silicon ikoreshwa muri moteri yimodoka).
• Umuringa n'umuringa.
• Ibikoresho bya karubone.
• Ibikoresho bibi nk'ibiti n'ububumbyi.

Niba urimo gutunganya inzu ya aluminiyumu ya elegitoroniki, igikoresho cya PCD gishobora kumara inshuro 50 kugeza 100 kurenza a ibikoresho byo gutema karbide.

Nigute impuzu nka Titanium Nitride zitezimbere?

Ibikoresho fatizo ni kimwe cya kabiri cyinkuru. Kugirango tubone byinshi mubikoresho, dukunze gukoresha igifuniko gito. Icyamamare cyane ni uko ibara ryamabara ya zahabu ubona kuri bits ya drill: Titanium Nitride (TiN).

Impuzu zitanga intego nyinshi:

1. Gukomera: Birakomeye kuruta substrate, kurinda the gukata.
2. Amavuta: Bagabanya ubushyamirane hagati yigikoresho na chip, bigabanya ubushyuhe.
3. Inzitizi yubushyuhe: Bafite hasi ubushyuhe bwumuriro, kubika ubushyuhe muri chip no hanze yigikoresho.

Kurenga TiN, dukoresha impuzu ziteye imbere nka Titanium Carbonitride (TiCN) na Aluminium Titanium Nitride (AlTiN). AlTiN nibyiza cyane kuri ibikoresho byo gukata karbide ikoreshwa mugukora imashini yumye kuko iyo ishyushye, ikora urwego rwo kurinda aluminium.

Ni ibihe bintu bigomba kuyobora guhitamo igikoresho cyo gukata?

Uwiteka guhitamo ibikoresho byo gukata ibikoresho ntibikwiye kuba ugukeka. Igomba kuba icyemezo kibarwa gishingiye kubihinduka byihariye. Iyo tugishije inama abakiriya kubyerekeye ibyacu Imyitozo ya Carbide, turabaza:

1. Ibikoresho by'akazi: Nibyoroshye aluminiyumu cyangwa ibyuma byangiza? Ibikoresho nka titanium isaba ibikoresho bifite imiti yihariye yo kwirinda gufata.
2. Gukomera: Niba HRC iri hejuru ya 50, ukeneye karbide ikora cyane cyangwa CBN.
3. Imiterere yimashini: Ese spindle yawe irakomeye? Niba ari yego, urashobora gukoresha cyane, amanota menshi. Niba atari byo, ukeneye gukomera.
4. Umubare w'umusaruro: Kuri prototype, HSS irashobora kuba ihendutse kandi nziza. Kubice 10,000, ikiguzi-kuri buri gice cyashizweho karbide igikoresho kiri hasi cyane.

Uwiteka igikoresho cyiburyo nimwe iguha igiciro gito kuri buri mwobo cyangwa hejuru yimashini, ntabwo byanze bikunze imwe ifite igiciro gito kiri kumasanduku.

Nigute dushobora gusobanura no gupima ubuzima bwibikoresho mubikoresho bitandukanye?

Ubuzima bwigikoresho muri rusange bisobanurwa nkigihe igikoresho gikata neza mbere yo kunanirwa cyangwa gutanga ibice bitemewe. Kunanirwa bibaho kubera kwambara ibikoresho, gukata, cyangwa guhindura plastike.

Muri gukata karbide, dushakisha uburyo bwo kwambara buteganijwe. Turashaka ko imyenda yimyenda ikura buhoro kandi buringaniye. Niba gukata chips (micro-crack), igikoresho kirashobora kunanirwa bikabije.

Bitandukanye ubwoko bwo gukata kubyara imyenda itandukanye.

• Kwambara Crater: Kwiheba gukabije kuri igikoresho, biterwa na reaction ya chimique nubushyuhe. Bikunze gukata ibyuma.
• Kwambara impande zose: Abrasion kuruhande rwigikoresho. Nuburyo busanzwe bwanyuma-bwubuzima kuri benshi ibikoresho bya karbide.

Gukoresha ibikoresho bifite hejuru ubukana bushyushye n'imiti ihamye (nka titanium karbide impuzu cyangwa nitride ceramics) itinda ubwo buryo bwo kwambara.

Nigute ubushyuhe bwumuriro bugira ingaruka kubikorwa byo guca?

Ubushyuhe ni umwanzi. Ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo gukoresha ubushyuhe busobanurwa nabwo ubushyuhe bwumuriro.

Rimwe na rimwe, urashaka kuyobora cyane. Kurugero, PCD (diyama) ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane, bufasha gukuramo ubushyuhe kure yakata mugihe cyo gutunganya aluminium.

Mubindi bihe, urashaka ubushobozi buke. Ibikoresho byo gukata ibikoresho akenshi ifite ubushyuhe buke. Ibi bigumana ubushyuhe muri chip hamwe nakazi, kurinda ibikoresho. Ariko, ibi bisobanura kandi ceramic ni Byoroshye ubushyuhe. Niba uturitse ibicurane hejuru yubushyuhe bwa ceramic, birashobora gucika nkikirahure gishyushye mumazi akonje.

Gusobanukirwa ibi bifasha guhitamo igikoresho cyo gukata ingamba-nko kumenya gukora neza (hamwe na coolant) cyangwa byumye.

Kuringaniza Igiciro va Imikorere: Ibitekerezo byabakora

Nkumushinga wa Sima ya Carbide Yinjiza, Nkunze gusobanura kubagabura impamvu igikoresho kigura ibyo ikora.

Igikoresho gisanzwe gishobora gukoresha ingano tungsten karbide. Nibihendutse. Igikoresho cya premium ikoresha sub-micro ingano ya karbide hamwe na 12% cobalt hamwe na nano-coating. Igikoresho cya premium gishobora kugura 30% birenze ariko bikamara 300%.

Kuri ibikorwa byo gutunganya aho kumanura bihenze (nko kumurongo munini utanga umusaruro), igikoresho gihenze nuburyo buhendutse. Ariko, kumaduka mato yakazi akora gusana rimwe ,. gukata cyane imikorere ya premium amanota ashobora kuba arenze urugero.

Uwiteka ubuyobozi bwo gukata igikoresho kugura biroroshye: kubara ikiguzi kuri buri gice, ntabwo ikiguzi kuri buri gikoresho.

Incamake: Ibyingenzi byingenzi byo guhitamo ibikoresho byo gutema ibikoresho

Kuyobora isi ya gukata ibikoresho nibikoresho bikomeye birashobora kuba bigoye. Dore ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka muri iki gitabo:

• Carbide ya sima ni Umwami: Itanga impirimbanyi nziza ya gukomera no gukomera kuri 80% ya Gukata Porogaramu.
• Huza ibikoresho: Koresha PCD ya ibikoresho bidafite ferrous nka aluminium. Koresha CBN ibyuma bikomeye. Koresha ububumbyi bwa superalloys.
• Gucunga ubushyuhe: Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kwica ibikoresho. Hitamo ibikoresho bifite akamaro ubukana bushyushye na ubushyuhe bwumuriro.
• Impuzu zingenzi: Nitride ya Titanium nibindi bikoresho bya PVD / CVD biraguka cyane ubuzima bwigikoresho mukugabanya ubushyamirane no guhagarika ubushyuhe.
• Igiciro n'Agaciro: Ntukarebe gusa igiciro. A. gukata gukabije ibyo bimara igihe kinini bigabanya imashini yamashanyarazi nigihe cyo gusiba.
• HSS ifite Niche: Ntugabanye ibyuma byihuta kubintu bidahwitse cyangwa imashini zishaje aho gukomera ikubita umuvuduko.

Kuri Drillstar, twiyemeje kugufasha kubona igikoresho cyo gukata iburyo ku kazi. Niba ukeneye bisanzwe Gutobora imashini isya ibisubizo cyangwa umwirondoro wa karbide, gusobanukirwa siyanse yibikoresho nintambwe yambere yo gutunganya intsinzi.