
Nickel ishingiye kuri ruswa irwanya ruswa nicyiciro cyibikoresho byuma byateye imbere byakozwe mbere na mbere kugirango bihangane n’ibidukikije bikabije. Urufatiro rwabo ni matelike ya nikel (Ni), isanzwe irwanya ruswa nyinshi, ikomatanyirizwa hamwe nibindi bintu byingenzi - cyane cyane chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), ndetse rimwe na rimwe umuringa (Cu) na azote (N) - kugirango habeho umuryango utandukanye kandi ukomeye wibikoresho bikoresha imiti n’inganda bikabije.
Nibisubizo byo gukemura mugihe ibyuma bitagira umwanda bitagihagije.
Kurwanya ruswa idasanzwe: Uyu niwo mutungo wabo usobanura. Zitanga imbaraga zidasanzwe zo kwangirika, harimo:
Acide: Acide sulfure, aside hydrochloric, aside fosifori.
Caustics: Ibisubizo bikomeye bya alkaline.
Ibitero biterwa na Chloride: Gutobora no gukonjesha, aribwo buryo bwambere bwo kunanirwa kumashanyarazi asanzwe.
Stress Rusi Cracking (SCC): Irwanya cyane gucikamo munsi yibikorwa bihuriweho no guhangayika hamwe nibidukikije byangirika.
Guhinduranya: Ubwoko butandukanye bwibihimbano byemerera ubudozi kugena ibintu byihariye bishobora kwangirika (urugero, Mo yo hejuru yo kurwanya chloride, Cr yo hejuru ya okiside ibidukikije).
Imikorere myiza yubushyuhe bwo hejuru: Byinshi muribi bivangavanga bigira igipimo gihamye, kirinda oxyde (ishingiye kuri Cr₂O₃), kibafasha kurwanya okiside na karburizasi mubushyuhe bwinshi.
Ibyiza bya mashini nziza: Zigumana imbaraga nubukomezi kuva ubushyuhe bwa cryogenic kugeza ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Nickel ishingiye kuri ruswa irwanya ruswa irashobora gushyirwa mumiryango myinshi minini, buriwese akemura ibibazo bitandukanye.
| Alloy Family | Ibyingenzi Byingenzi | Ingero | Kurwanya Rusange Kurwanya & Porogaramu |
| Nickel-Chromium | Ni, Cr | Amavuta 600 | Kurwanya Oxidation ku bushyuhe bwinshi; ibidukikije. |
| Nickel-Chromium-Iron | Ni, Cr, Fe | Amavuta 800 / 800H | Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa okiside hamwe na karburizasi; ibikoresho byo gutunganya ubushyuhe. |
| Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum | Ni, Cr, Mo. | C-276, C-22, C-2000 | Umuryango utandukanye cyane. Kurwanya birenze ibyo gutobora, kwangirika kwangirika, hamwe na acide nyinshi na chloride. Ikoreshwa mugutunganya imiti, flue gaz desulfurisation, no kurwanya umwanda. |
| Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum hamwe n'umuringa | Ni, Cr, Mo, Cu | Amavuta 400, Amavuta 825 | Kurwanya bihebuje aside irike na fosifori; ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byo gutunganya marine na chimique. |
| Nickel-Molybdenum | Ni, Mo. | Amavuta B-2, B-3 | Kurwanya bidasanzwe kugabanya ibidukikije (acide-okiside) nka aside hydrochloric. |
| Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum hamwe na Azote | Ni, Cr, Mo, N. | Amavuta 625, Amavuta 718 | Ihuza imbaraga nyinshi (kuva gukomera kw'imvura) hamwe no kwangirika kwinshi no kurwanya okiside. Ikoreshwa mu kirere, mu buhanga, no mu nyanja. |