
Iron-based wrought high-temperature alloys ikirasi yezvinhu zvesimbi zvine simbi (Fe) sechinhu chikuru, chakagadzirwa kuti chichengetedze simba remuchina uye kuramba kudzikira (sekunge oxidation) patembiricha yakakwira, kazhinji muchikamu che540 ° C kusvika 760 ° C (1000 ° F kusvika 1400 ° F). Iro zita rekuti "rakagadzirwa" rinoratidza kuti dzakaumbwa nemaitiro e thermomechanical akadai seanopisa kukungurukira, forging, kana extrusion, iyo inonatsa yavo microstructure kuti ipe musanganiswa wakanaka wesimba, ductility, uye kugadzirwa.
Iwo anoshanda semubhadharo-unoshanda uye unochinja-chinja mhinduro kune yakawanda-yepamusoro-tembiricha maapplication, kuvharira gaka rekuita pakati pesimbi isina tsvina uye inodhura nickel kana cobalt-based superalloys.
Yakanaka Yepamusoro-Tembiricha Simba & Creep Resistance: Ivo vanoramba deformation uye inononoka, inotsamira nguva dhizaini (inokambaira) pasi pemuchina wemutoro pane tembiricha yakakwira, kunyangwe tembiricha yavo yekumusoro yakadzikira pane iyo nickel-based superalloys.
Yakanakisa Oxidation & Corrosion Resistance: Chinhu chakakosha kugona kwavo kuumba inodzivirira, inoteedzera chromia (Cr₂O₃) chikero pamusoro, nekuda kweyakakwira chromium yemukati (kazhinji 12-28%). Magiredhi mazhinji anewo silicon (Si) uye aluminium (Al) kugadzira zvikero zvakatonyanya kugadzikana.
Mutengo-Kubudirira: Kubva pane matrix esimbi, iwo anodhura zvakanyanya pane nickel kana cobalt-based dzimwe nzira, zvichiita kuti ive zvinhu zvesarudzo zvekushandisa zvakakura kana zvinodhura.
Kugadzirwa Kwakanaka: Chimiro chavo chekugadzira chinoreva kuti vanogona kuumbwa zviri nyore, kugadzirwa nemichina, uye kusungirirwa muzvikamu zvakaoma vachishandisa yakajairwa maindasitiri maitiro.
Iyo yakanyanya-tembiricha kuita kweaya alloys inowanikwa kuburikidza akati wandei synergistic nzira:
Solid Solution Kusimbisa: Zvinhu zvakaita se molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), uye chromium (Cr) zvinonyunguduka musimbi matrix, zvichitadzisa kutenderera kufamba uye kupa simba rekutanga.
Carbide Precipitation Strengthening: Kuumbwa kwecarbides yakagadzikana (semuenzaniso, M₂₃C₆, MC, apo M is Cr, Mo, Nb) pamiganhu yezviyo uye mukati mezviyo zvinobatsira kupinza kuparadzaniswa uye miganhu yezviyo, kusimbisa simba uye kurwisana nekamba.
Nitride uye Carbonitride Kunaya: Mune mamwe alloys, zvinhu zvakaita seniobium (Nb) uye titanium (Ti) zvinoumba nitrides yakanaka kana carbonitrides inopa kuwedzera kunaya kwemvura kusimba.
Microstructural Stability: The alloy compositions yakaenzana kuti irambe kukoromoka kwezvikamu izvi zvekusimbisa uye kuumbwa kwezvinokuvadza intermetallic compounds panguva yenguva refu yekutarisana nekupisa.
Iron-based wrought high-temperature alloys ibasa rekushanda mumaindasitiri akawanda:
Kugadzira Simba:
Turbine Blades & Discs mune steam turbines uye yakaderera-tembiricha matanho egasi turbines.
Boiler Tubing, Superheater & Reheater Tubes, uye zvinochinjisa kupisa mufossil mafuta emagetsi zvidyarwa.
Motokari:
Turbocharger Housing (Turbine Housing) iyo inofanirwa kumira tembiricha yekubuda kwegasi.
Exhaust Manifolds uye downpipes.
Industrial Furnaces & Heat Treatment:
Radiant Tubes, Muffles, Trays, uye mabhasikiti anoshandiswa mucarburizing, annealing, uye mamwe maitiro ekurapa kupisa.
Petrochemical & Refining:
Tubing yemakoiri echoto uye pombi dzepamusoro-tembiricha process hova mune zvinokonzeresa crackers uye vanochinja.
Tafura inotevera inopfupisa izvo zvakakosha zvekutarisa nekukurumidza:
| Feature | Tsanangudzo | Advantage |
| Base Element | Simbi (Fe), nepamusoro Chromium (Cr) content. | Inopa iyo inodhura-inoshanda hwaro ine inherent oxidation kuramba. |
| Nzira yekugadzira | Thermomechanical Processing (Hot Rolling, Forging). | Mhedzisiro mune imwe yunifomu, yakanaka-grained chimiro chine yakanaka ductility uye kuoma. |
| Zvinosimbisa Makiyi | Solid Solution (Mo, W); Carbides (Cr, Nb, Mo). | Inopa musanganiswa wakaenzana wepamusoro-tembiricha simba uye microstructural kugadzikana. |
| Temperature Range | Kuita kwakanaka kusvika ~760°C (1400°F). | Inozadza iyo yakakosha kuita gaka pakati peyakajairwa Stainless simbi uye nickel superalloys. |
| Key Benefits | Muyero wakakwana wekuita, kugadzira, uye mutengo. | Iyo yakanyanya hupfumi mhinduro kune yakakura-yepamusoro-tembiricha engineering matambudziko. |
| Common Alloys & Types | Austenitic (semuenzaniso, 304H, 316H, 321H, 347H); Ferritic (semuenzaniso, 446); Kunaya-Kunoomeswa (e.g., A-286, 17-4PH). | Inopa sarudzo yakafara kune dzakasiyana tembiricha, simba, uye corrosion zvinodiwa. |
Muchidimbu, Iron-Based Wrought High-Temperature Alloys ikirasi yakakosha uye yakasiyana-siyana yezvinhu zvinogonesa chikamu chakakura chemazuva ano chepamusoro-tembiricha engineering. Kusimukira kwavo kunomiririra hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa mutengo uye kuita, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakosha kune zvikumbiro kubva kumota yemhuri kusvika kune yemagetsi chinopa magetsi ayo.