Iyo Yekupedzisira Nhungamiro Yekucheka Chishandiso Zvishandiso: Nei Carbide uye Yepamberi Macomposites Inotonga iyo Shop Floor

Kana paine chinhu chimwe chinochengeta maneja wechitoro chemuchina akasvinura husiku, iko kutya kusaenderana nekuita kwechishandiso. Iwe unoziva kunzwa. Iwe une yakakura kurongeka kweaerospace zvikamu, muchina uri kushanda, uye kamwe kamwe-snap. Chishandiso chinotyoka, chikamu chinoraswa, uye margin yako inotora kurova. PaDezhou Drillstar Cutting Tool Co., Ltd, tinoona chiitiko ichi chichitamba nguva dzose. Chikonzero chikuru? Kazhinji, hausi iwo muchina; ndizvo sarudzo yekucheka midziyo yekushandisa.

Ichi chinyorwa ndicho gwara rako rakazara rekunzwisisa kucheka chombo zvinhu landscape. Tichanyura mukati mekuti sei carbide yave iyo indasitiri chiyero, ongorora kupi ceramic kucheka zvishandiso kupenya, uye tarisa superhard zvinhu senge cubic boron nitride. Kana uri kucheka simbi yakakandwa, aluminium, kana simbi yakaoma, kunzwisisa zvinhu zvezvinhu izvi ndicho chakavanzika chekuzarura zviri nani upenyu hwekushandisa uye pamusoro pekupedzisira.

Nei kusarudzwa kwekucheka maturusi emidziyo kuchikosha kune ako machining mashandiro?

The kusarudzwa kwechigadzirwa chekucheka Zviri pachena kuti ndiyo sarudzo inonyanya kukosha mukugadzira. The kucheka chombo ndiyo nzvimbo yekuonana pakati pekudhura kwako muchina mudziyo uye mbishi workpiece. Kana iyo nzvimbo yekuonana ikatadza, zvimwe zvese zvinomira.

Kutanga, funga nezvekupisa. Panguva machining operations, tembiricha pa kumucheto inogona kukwira kupfuura 1000°C. Kana iyo kucheka chombo zvinhu kushaya kupisa kuoma, huchapfava uye hunokanganisa. Izvi zvinotungamirira kune kutadza kushivirira uye chikamu chakarambwa. Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa mukucheka midziyo vanofanira kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwavo kunyange kana kupisa kuri pamusoro.

Chechipiri, tinofanira kutaura nezvazvo kupfeka kuramba. Chishandiso chinopera nekukurumidza chinoda shanduko nguva nenguva. Iyi downtime inouraya kushanda zvakanaka. Nekusarudza iyo chimbo chekurudyi chekucheka nechiyero chakakodzera che kuoma uye kupfeka kuramba, unoita shuwa kuti mutsara wako wekugadzira unoramba uchifamba. Ndezvekufanotaura. Kana muparidzi akaita sewe achitengesa chishandiso kuchitoro chemuchina, vanofanirwa kuziva kuti ichagara kwezvikamu mazana mashanu, kwete kukundikana pamakumi mashanu.

Ndeapi marudzi makuru ekucheka maturusi emidziyo aripo nhasi?

Nhoroondo ye simbi yekucheka inhoroondo yesayenzi yezvinhu. Kwezana ramakore rapfuura, takatama kubva kusimbi dzekabhoni dzakapfava kuenda kumakombisi epamusoro anogona kucheka nepakati akaomeswa alloys sebhata.

Heino kupatsanurwa nekukurumidza kweiyo marudzi ekucheka midziyo yekushandisa kazhinji tinoona:

• Simbi Inomhanya-mhanya (HSS): Iyo yekare yakavimbika. Yakaoma, asi isina kukurumidza.
• Cemented Carbide: Bhiza rebasa. Excellent kupfeka kuramba uye kukurumidza kugona.
• Ceramics: Madhimoni anomhanyisa. Yakakura pakupisa kukuru, asi brittle.
• Cermets: Musanganiswa weceramic uye simbi. Yakanaka kupedzisa.
• Superhard Materials (CBN & PCD): Inyanzvi dzekuoma kwakanyanya kana abrasive zvinhu.

Kunzwisisa izvi marudzi ekucheka zvinhu zvinokubatsira kuenzanisa chishandiso kune application. Iwe haungashandise sando yegirazi kurovera mbambo, uye haufanirwe kushandisa HSS kushandura simbi yakaoma.

Sei simende carbide iri indasitiri chiyero chemazuva ano machining?

Kana iwe ukapinda mune chero yemazuva ano CNC chitoro, akawanda maturusi aunoona - ekupedzisira zvigayo, zviboorero, zvekuisa - zvinogadzirwa simende carbide. Asi chii chaizvo?

Cemented carbide chinhu chakaumbwa. Inosanganisira yakaoma tungsten carbide zvidimbu zvakabatanidzwa nesimbi inosungirirwa, kazhinji cobalt. Funga nezvayo sekrete: tungsten ndiyo yakaunganidzwa (dombo), uye cobalt ndiyo simenti. Kusanganiswa uku kunopa carbide zvishandiso mukana wakasiyana. Ivo vakaoma zvisingaite, vachipa zvakakwirira kupfeka kuramba, asi cobalt binder inopa kusimba kwakakwana kutsungirira masimba ekucheka pasina kuputsanya pakarepo.

PaDrillstar, tinoshandisa yemhando yepamusoro-micro-zviyo carbide tsvimbo kugadzira yedu Solid Carbide Rods. Kana zviyo zvanyatsonaka, ndipo patinokwanisa kugaya, uye mudziyo wacho unowedzera kusimba. Carbide yekucheka zvishandiso inogona kumhanya 2 kusvika ku3 nguva nekukurumidza kupfuura HSS, iyo inoshandura zvakananga kumari yakachengetwa panguva yemuchina.

Maturusi eHigh-Speed Steel (HSS) anofananidzwa sei nemidziyo yekucheka carbide?

Ungashamisika, kana carbide yakakura kwazvo, sei zvakadaro high-speed simbi zvichiriko? High-speed simbi (HSS) yakanga iri chimurenga payakatangwa, ichibvumira zvakawanda kumhanya kwepamusoro kupfuura mukuru carbon tool steels.

Kubatsira kukuru kweHSS ndiko kuoma kwayo. Inogona kutora kuvhundutsa uye kundengendeka uko kuno snap a carbide tool. Izvi zvinoita kuti HSS ive yakanaka kune:

• Michina yekare, isina kugadzikana.
• Kudimburirwa kucheka.
• Complex fomu maturusi ayo akaoma kugaya kubva yakasimba carbide.

Nekudaro, HSS ine utera hukuru: kupisa kuoma. Apo iyo kasi yekucheka kuwedzera, kupisa kunogadzira nekukurumidza. Panenge pa600°C, HSS inorasikirwa nekuoma kwayo. Mukusiyana, simende zvishandiso zve carbide chengetedza kuomarara kwavo pane tembiricha dzakakwirira. Kune nzvimbo dzekugadzirwa kwepamusoro uko nguva yekutenderera iri mambo, carbide kucheka inenge nguva dzose sarudzo yepamusoro.

Ndeipi yaunofanira kushandisa ceramic yekucheka maturusi mumushini wako?

Ceramic yekucheka zvishandiso iboka rinonakidza. Ivo vanonyanya kuumbwa ne aluminium oxide kana silicon nitride. Zvinhu izvi zvakaoma zvikuru uye zvakagadzikana mumakemikari. Ivo havaite ne workpiece zvinhu, izvo zvinodzivirira rudzi rwekupfeka kunonzi crater wear.

Ceramic yekucheka inopenya mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo:

1. High-Speed Turning: Iwe unogona kumhanyisa ceramics nekumhanya kunoshamisa kwepamusoro.
2. Kutendeuka kwakaoma: Machining simbi yakaoma (kusvika 60-65 HRC).
3. Superalloys: Machining nickel-based alloys anoshandiswa mujet injini.

Zvisinei, ceramic zvinhu have low thermal kushomeka kuramba (mune mamwe mamakisi) uye ane brittle zvakanyanya. Kana uine muchina une mabearings akasununguka kana kuti uri kuita zvinorema zvakadimburirwa kucheka, a ceramic yekucheka chishandiso inogona kuparara. Vanoda kugadzirisa kwakasimba. Asi kana ikashandiswa nemazvo, ceramic kucheka zvishandiso anogona kubvisa simbi pamitengo kuti carbide handikwanise kubata.

Chii chinonzi Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) uye nei chiri chechipiri chakaomesesa zvinhu?

Kana tichitaura pamusoro pezvinhu zvakaoma zvikuru pasi pano, dhaimondi ndiro nhamba yekutanga. Asi kuseri kwayo ndiko cubic boron nitride (CBN). CBN ndiyo chechipiri chakaoma zvinhu inozivikanwa kumunhu.

CBN inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira simbi yakaoma ferrous. Kusiyana nedhaimani, CBN haibatike nekabhoni pakupisa kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti ive yakachengeteka pakucheka simbi. Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa ine CBN matipi emuchina akaomeswa simbi, simbi dzakakandwa, uye sintered irons.

Kushandisa CBN kunobvumira vagadziri kutsiva mashandiro ekukuya nemachining. Iyi inzira inozivikanwa se "hard turning." Panzvimbo yekumisikidza vhiri rekukuya, iwe unoshandisa CBN yekuisa kushandura shaft yakaoma kusvika pakukura. Izvi zvinokurumidza uye zvine hushamwari zvakatipoteredza sezvo zvichishandisa zvishoma zvinotonhorera.

Maturusi ekucheka madhaimani (PCD) ndiyo yekupedzisira mhinduro yezvinhu zvisiri-ferrous?

Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) maturusi ndiwo akanyanya kuoma ekucheka maturusi aripo. Diamond kucheka inopa zvisingaenzaniswi kupfeka kuramba. Zvisinei, pane kubata. Iwe haugone kushandisa diamond kucheka simbi.

Nei? Nekuti simbi ine kabhoni, uye dhaimani icarbon yakachena. Pakupisa kwakanyanya kwekugadzira, maatomu ecarbon ari mudhaimani anoda kutamira musimbi. Izvi zvinokonzera kupera kwemakemikari nokukurumidza.

Naizvozvo, PCD zvishandiso vari ivo best cut tool sarudzo ye zvinhu zvisina-ferrous. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Aluminium alloys (kunyanya yakakwira-silicon aruminiyamu inoshandiswa mumainjini emotokari).
• Mhangura nendarira.
• Carbon fiber composites.
• Abrasive zvinhu sehuni uye ceramics.

Kana iwe uchigadzira aluminium dzimba dzemagetsi, chishandiso chePCD chinogona kugara 50 kusvika ku100 nguva yakareba kupfuura cemented carbide cutting tool.

Ko machira akaita seTitanium Nitride anovandudza sei kucheka?

Nheyo yehwaro inongova hafu yenyaya. Kuti tiwane zvakanyanya kubva pachishandiso, tinowanzo shandisa jira rakatetepa. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyekupfeka kwegoridhe-ruvara kwaunoona pane zvibooro: Titanium Nitride (TiN).

Coatings inoshanda zvinangwa zvakati:

1. Kuoma: Iwo akaoma kupfuura substrate, kudzivirira iyo kumucheto.
2. Lubricity: Vanoderedza kukakavara pakati pechombo uye chip, kuderedza kupisa.
3. Thermal Barrier: Vane yakaderera thermal conductivity, kuchengetedza kupisa mu chip uye kunze kwemudziyo.

Kupfuura TiN, tinoshandisa machira epamusoro seTitanium Carbonitride (TiCN) uye Aluminium Titanium Nitride (AlTiN). AlTiN inonyanya kunaka kune midziyo yekucheka carbide inoshandiswa mukugadzira wakaoma nekuti kana kuchipisa, inoumba chidziviriro che aluminium oxide.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutungamira sarudzo yako yekucheka chishandiso?

The sarudzo yekucheka midziyo yekushandisa haifanire kuve yekufungidzira. Inofanira kunge iri sarudzo yakaverengerwa yakavakirwa pane zvakasiyana zvakasiyana. Patinobvunza nevatengi nezve yedu Carbide Drills, tinobvunza:

1. Workpiece Material: Iyo yakapfava aluminium kana abrasive cast iron? Zvinhu zvakadai titanium inoda maturusi ane chaiwo makemikari zvimiro kudzivirira kubata.
2. Kuoma: Kana HRC iri pamusoro pemakumi mashanu, unoda yakakwira-performance carbide kana CBN.
3. Machine Condition: Ko spindle yako yakaoma here? Kana hongu, iwe unogona kushandisa zvakaoma, mamwe brittle mamakisi. Kana zvisina kudaro, unoda kuoma.
4. Inzwi rekugadzira: Kune prototype, HSS inogona kunge yakachipa uye yakanaka. Pazvikamu zve10,000, mutengo-pa-chikamu chegadheni carbide chishandiso chakaderera kwazvo.

The mudziyo wakarurama ndiyo inokupa mutengo wakaderera pagomba kana pamusoro pemuchina, kwete hazvo iyo ine mutengo wakaderera pabhokisi.

Tinotsanangura sei nekuyera hupenyu hwezvishandiso muzvinhu zvakasiyana?

Tool life inowanzotsanangurwa senguva iyo chishandiso chinocheka zvakanaka chisati chatadza kana kugadzira zvikamu zvisingagamuchirwi. Kukundikana kunoitika nekuda kwe kushandiswa kwemidziyo, kupeta, kana deformation yepurasitiki.

In simende yekucheka carbide, tinotarisa maitiro ekupfeka anofanotaurwa. Tinoda kuti flank wear ikure zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvakaenzana. Kana iyo kumucheto machipisi (micro-cracks), chishandiso chinogona kukundikana zvakaipisisa.

Different marudzi ekucheka kugadzira zvipfeko zvakasiyana.

• Crater Wear: A concave depression on the mudziyo uso, inokonzerwa nemakemikari anoita uye kupisa. Inowanikwa mukucheka kwesimbi.
• Flank Wear: Abrasion padivi pechishandiso. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakajairika yekuguma-kwehupenyu kune vakawanda carbide zvishandiso.

Kushandisa zvinhu nepamusoro kupisa kuoma uye kugadzikana kwemakemikari (se titanium carbide coatings kana silicon nitride ceramics) inononoka nzira idzi dzekupfeka.

Ko thermal conductivity inobata sei nzira yekucheka?

Kupisa ndiye muvengi. Kugona kwechinhu kubata kupisa kunotsanangurwa neiyo thermal conductivity.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, iwe unoda yakakwirira conductivity. Semuenzaniso, PCD (dhaimani) ine yakanyanya kupisa conductivity, iyo inobatsira kudhonza kupisa kubva munzvimbo yekucheka kana uchigadzira. aluminium.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, iwe unoda yakaderera conductivity. Ceramic yekucheka chishandiso zvinhu kazhinji ine low thermal conductivity. Izvi zvinochengetedza kupisa mu chip uye workpiece, kuchengetedza chigadzirwa chekushandisa. Zvisinei, izvi zvinoreva zvakare ceramic inobatwa ne thermal shock. Kana ukaputira chinotonhodza pachigadziko checeramic chinopisa, chinogona kutsemuka segirazi rinopisa mumvura inotonhora.

Kunzwisisa izvi kunobatsira kusarudza mudziyo wekucheka maitiro-akadai sekuti kunyorova (neinotonhodza) kana kuoma.

Bancing Cost vs. Performance: A Manufacture's Perspective

Somugadziri we Cemented Carbide Insets, Ini kazhinji ndinofanira kutsanangurira kune vanogovera kuti sei chishandiso chinodhura zvachinoita.

Chishandiso chakajairika chinogona kushandisa tsanga yakakora tungsten carbide. Zvakachipa. Chishandiso chepamusoro chinoshandisa sub-micro zviyo carbide ine 12% cobalt uye yakawanda-layer nano-coating. Iyo yekutanga chishandiso inogona kudhura 30% yakawanda asi inogara 300% kureba.

For machining operations uko nguva yekudzikira inodhura (senge pane yakakura otomatiki mutsara wekugadzira), chishandiso chinodhura ndicho chaicho sarudzo yakachipa. Nekudaro, kune diki chitoro chebasa chiri kugadzirisa kamwe chete, iyo kucheka kwepamusoro kuita kwemagiredhi epremium kunogona kunge kwakanyanyisa.

The gwara rekucheka chishandiso kutenga kuri nyore: kuverenga mutengo pachikamu, kwete mutengo pachishandiswa.

Pfupiso: Makiyi Ekutora paKusarudza Kucheka Turusi Zvishandiso

Kufambisa nyika ye kucheka chombo kuisa uye midziyo yakasimba inogona kuva yakaoma. Hezvino zvinhu zvakakosha zvekuyeuka kubva kugwaro iri:

• Cemented Carbide ndiMambo: Inopa chiyero chakanakisa che kuoma uye kuomarara kwe80% ye kucheka zvikumbiro.
• Match the Material: Shandisa PCD ye zvinhu zvisina-ferrous kufanana aluminium. Shandisa CBN kune simbi dzakaoma. Shandisa ceramics kune superalloys.
• Heat Management: Kupisa kwepamusoro kuuraya zvishandiso. Sarudza zvinhu zvine zvakakodzera kupisa kuoma uye thermal conductivity.
• Coatings Chinokosha: Titanium nitride uye mamwe maPVD/CVD machira anowedzera zvakanyanya upenyu hwekushandisa nekudzikisa kukweshera uye kudzivirira kupisa.
• Mutengo vs. Kukosha: Usangotarisa pamutengo wemutengo. A inopinza yekucheka iyo inogara kwenguva yakareba inoderedza nguva yekudzikira kwemuchina uye mitengo yezvikara.
• HSS ine Niche: Usaderedze high-speed simbi yekusagadzikana setups kana ekare michina uko kuoma inorova speed.

PaDrillstar, takazvipira kukubatsira iwe kuwana iyo chimbo chekurudyi chekucheka zvebasa racho. Kana uchida standard Drill Bit Kukuya Machine mhinduro kana tsika carbide profiles, kunzwisisa sainzi yezvinyorwa ndiyo nhanho yekutanga kune machining kubudirira.