
I-Substrate yePhepha eliDityanisiweyo ibhekisa kwisiseko semathiriyeli, ngokuqhelekileyo kwifom yephepha, eyenziwe ngamanqanaba amabini okanye ngaphezulu ahlukeneyo abonakalayo okanye amachiza adityanisiweyo ukwenza imathiriyeli entsha eneempawu eziphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinto zayo. Kwiimeko eziphambili zoshishino, oku kudla ngokubandakanya ukudibanisa i-matrix enzima, i-ductile (njengentsimbi okanye i-polymer) kunye nesigaba esinzima, esiqinisayo (njengeengqungquthela ze-ceramic okanye iifayili) ukufezekisa ukulinganisela kwamandla, ukuqina, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezithile zokusebenza.
Ezi substrates zenziwe ngobunjineli ukuze zisebenze njengeqonga elisisiseko lokuqhubekeka phambili okanye njengecandelo elisisiseko kwizicelo ezibangwayo.
Iipropati ezilungiselelweyo: Eyona nzuzo iphambili kukukwazi ukuyila imathiriyeli eneseti ethile yeempawu ezingafumanekiyo kwisixhobo esinye. Oku kuquka ukulungiselelwa:
I-High Strength-to-Weight Ratio: Ngokukodwa kwi-polymer okanye i-metal matrix composites eqiniswe ngekhabhoni okanye i-ceramic fibers.
Ukomelezwa koKuxhathisa: Iphunyezwe ngokufakela amasuntswana aqinileyo njengetungsten carbide okanye i-ceramic kwimatrix yentsimbi.
Ukuphuculwa kweThermal okanye ukuSebenza koMbane: Ngokubandakanya iifibers okanye amaqhekeza.
Ukwandiswa kweThermal eLawulwayo: Okubalulekileyo kwi-elektroniki ukuhambelana nokwandiswa kwee-semiconductors.
I-Multi-Functionality: Iphepha elilodwa elidibeneyo linokuyilwa ukwenza iindima ezininzi, ezifana nokubonelela ngenkxaso yesakhiwo, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, kunye nolawulo lwe-thermal ngaxeshanye.
I-Anisotropy: Iipropati zinokuthi zenziwe ngobunjineli ukuba zibe zikhokelo (i-anisotropic), ezifana nokuba namandla kwicala elinye ngenxa yeefayili ezihambelanayo, ezilungele izicelo ezithile zokuthwala umthwalo.
I-"composite sheet substrate" luhlobo olubanzi. Iintlobo eziphambili ziquka:
I-Metal Matrix Composites (MMC): Isiseko sesinyithi (umzekelo, i-aluminium, ithusi) iqiniswe ngamaqhekeza e-ceramic (umzekelo, i-silicon carbide, i-boron carbide) okanye iifayili.
I-Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC): I-matrix ye-ceramic (umzekelo, i-silicon carbide) iqiniswe ngeefiber ze-ceramic, inika amandla akhethekileyo obushushu obuphezulu kunye nobunzima bokuphuka xa kuthelekiswa neeseramics ze-monolithic.
I-Polymer Matrix Composites (PMC): I-polymer resin (umzekelo, i-epoxy) iqiniswe ngeefiber eziqhubekayo (umzekelo, i-carbon, iglasi, i-aramid). La ngamashiti akudala "ahlanganisiweyo" asetyenziswa kwi-aerospace kunye nempahla yezemidlalo.
Ii-Composites eziLaminated: Iingqimba ezininzi zezinto ezahlukeneyo (umzekelo, isinyithi, iipolymers) zidityaniswe kunye ukuze zenze iphepha elineempawu ezivela kuluhlu ngalunye.
Iisubstrates zamaphepha adibeneyo asisiseko kumashishini akumgangatho ophezulu:
Ukupakishwa kwe-Electronics: Isetyenziswa njengee-substrates ze-semiconductor chips kunye neesekethe. Imizekelo ibandakanya:
I-Copper edibeneyo eNgqongileyo (i-DBC): Iphepha le-ceramic (elifana ne-Al₂O₃ okanye i-AlN) kunye nobhedu oluboshwe kumacala omabini, olusetyenziselwa iimodyuli zamandla.
I-Metal Core PCBs: Isiseko sensimbi (njenge-aluminium) kunye ne-dielectric layer kunye ne-circuit layer, esetyenziselwa ukukhanya kwe-LED.
I-Aerospace kunye noKhuseleko: Njengeephaneli zesakhiwo sezikhumba zenqwelomoya, izixhobo zesathelayithi, kunye neenkqubo zezixhobo, apho ubunzima obulula kunye namandla aphezulu kubaluleke kakhulu.
I-Wear-Resistant Liners: Amaphepha e-MMC aqulethe i-tungsten carbide okanye ezinye izigaba ezinzima zisetyenziselwa ukubethelela izixhobo kwimigodi, ezolimo, kunye nokuphathwa kwezinto.
Ulawulo lwe-Thermal: Njengoko ubushushu butshisa okanye basasaza kwi-electronics-power-power, i-leveraging composites kunye ne-conductivity ephezulu ye-thermal (umzekelo, i-Al-SiC).
Le theyibhile ilandelayo ishwankathela iimpawu eziphambili zojongo olukhawulezayo:
| Uphawu | Inkcazo | Inzuzo |
| Ingcamango engundoqo | I-base sheet eyenziwe ngokudibanisa izinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ezahlukeneyo. | Inika amandla ukudalwa kwemathiriyeli kunye nendibaniselwano yepropathi engenakwenzeka kwimathiriyeli enye. |
| UMGaqo oPhambili | Intsebenziswano. I-matrix kunye nokuqiniswa kusebenza kunye ukudala iipropati eziphezulu. | Ukufikelela kwi-balance balance, umzekelo, ubunzima obuvela kwi-matrix kunye nobunzima obuvela ekuqinisweni. |
| Ukuqinisa okuqhelekileyo | Amacandelo (iCarbide, iCeramic), iiFibers (iCarbon, iGlasi). | Inika iimpawu ezithile ezifana nokunganyangeki okanye ukomelela okuphezulu. |
| Iimatriki eziqhelekileyo | Iintsimbi (Al, Cu), iiPolymers (Epoxy), iiCeramics (SiC). | Ibonelela ngesigaba esiqhubekayo, inika ukuqina, kunye nokubopha ukuqinisa. |
| Umqhubi wokuqala | Ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza. | Ivumela ukukhaphukhaphu, okusebenzayo, kunye noyilo lomelele kubunjineli obuphambili. |
| Amashishini angundoqo | Electronics, Aerospace, Automotive, Defense, High-end Manufacturing. | Izinto ezivumela ukuqhubela phambili kobuchwepheshe kula macandelo. |
Ngamafutshane, a I-Substrate yePhepha elihlanganisiweyo sisixhobo esisisiseko sobunjineli obuphezulu. Ayingomathiriyeli elula ekrwada kodwa liqonga eliphucukileyo eliyilwe ukusuka kwinqanaba leathom ukuya phezulu ukuze libonelele ngoomatshini, i-thermal, kunye neempawu zombane, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yimfuneko kwizicelo zangoku eziphezulu zokusebenza.