
I-Wear-Resistant Alloys yiklasi yemathiriyeli eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukumelana nokuthotywa komphezulu kunye nokulahleka kwezinto eziphathekayo okubangelwa ukunxitywa koomatshini. Oku kunxitywa kunokubangela ukukrala (ukukrala), ukukhukuliseka (impembelelo ngamasuntswana), ukunamathela (i-galling kunye nokubamba), kunye nefuthe.
Umsebenzi wabo ophambili kukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo zoshishino, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwiindawo ezifunayo.
Inzululwazi yokuNxhathisa ukuNxitywa
Ukumelana nokunxiba akuyonto enye yezinto eziphathekayo njengoxinaniso; kukuziphatha kwenkqubo entsonkothileyo. Isitshixo sokunganyangeki kwempahla silele ekukwazini kwayo ukuxhathisa i-deformation yeplastiki kunye nokwaphuka. Oku kuphunyezwa kuqala ngokuthi:
Ukuqina okuphezulu: Ixhathisa ukungena kunye nokukrazula ngamasuntswana aqinileyo.
Ukuqinisa umsebenzi: Ukukwazi ukuba lukhuni kunye nokuqina kumphezulu xa kuchaphazeleke okanye kugxininiswe (umzekelo, iHadfield manganese steel).
Ukuqina: Iyaxhathisa ukuqhekeka, ukuqhekeka, kunye nokutshiza phantsi kwemithwalo yempembelelo.
Ulwakhiwo oluncinci: Ubukho be-carbides enzima (umzekelo, i-chromium, i-tungsten, i-vanadium carbides) efakwe kwi-metallic matrix enzima yinto eqhelekileyo.
Iialloyi ezikwaziyo ukunxiba ziqhelekile ngokwesiseko kwisinyithi (intsimbi kunye nentsimbi) okanye iintsimbi ezingenayo intsimbi, nganye ilungiselelwe iindlela zokunxiba ezikhethekileyo.
| Uhlobo lwe-alloy / Isiseko | Iimpawu eziphambili | Amabanga aqhelekileyo / imizekelo | Izicelo eziphambili |
| Iintsimbi zeMartensitic | Ubunzima obuphezulu kunye namandla amahle; iphunyezwe ngonyango lobushushu (ukucima kunye nokuthoba). | AR400, AR500, 4140, 4340 | Iibhakethi zemigodi, ii-crusher liners, ii-bulldozer blades, iipleyiti zokunxiba. |
| Intsimbi yeAustenitic Manganese | "Hadfield Steel". Kunzima kakhulu kwaye kusebenza nzima. Phezu kwempembelelo, ubulukhuni bayo bomphezulu bunyuka kakhulu ngelixa undoqo uhlala uqinile. | A128 Grade C, MN13, MN18 | Iilitha zokutyumza imihlathi, amasele kumzila kaloliwe, amasuntswana okutya amatye, iingoma ezirhubuluzayo. |
| I-High-Chromium White Cast Intsimbi | Ukumelana ne-abrasion ekhethekileyo ngenxa yomthamo ophezulu we-chromium carbides. Inokuba brittle phantsi kwempembelelo. | Ni-Hard, A532 | Izingxobo zempompo eziludaka, iilitha zokusila, iiroli zokucoca, izixhobo zokuqhushumba. |
| Carbide Composites | Ayisiyiyo i-monolithic alloy, kodwa yinto ebalulekileyo yokunxiba. Iincinci ze-tungsten carbide ezifakwe kwi-matrix yensimbi enzima (njenge-cobalt okanye i-nickel). | ITungsten Carbide-Composites, iStellite (esekwe kwiCobalt) | Iingcingo eziqinileyo, iipleyiti zokunxiba, izixhobo zokusika, iingcingo zokubhola, izihlalo zevalvu. |
| I-Cobalt-Based Alloys | Ukuchasana okugqwesileyo kwindibaniselwano yokunxiba, ukubola, kunye nobushushu obuphezulu (ubunzima obubomvu). | Stellite, Haynes alloys | Iintsimbi ze-injini yegesi, iivalve zobushushu obuphezulu, iingcebiso zabona, amacandelo enjini. |
| I-Nickel-Based Alloys | Ngokufana ne-cobalt alloys, enikezela ukunxiba kakuhle kunye nokuchasana nokugqwala, kusetyenziswa rhoqo apho i-cobalt ingafanelekanga. | Inconel, Colmonoy | Izixhobo zokulungisa iikhemikhali, izixhobo ze-aerospace, ii-hardfacing overlays. |
Ezi alloys azisoloko zisetyenziselwa ukwenza amacandelo apheleleyo. Zihlala zisetyenziswa ngeendlela ezingabizi kakhulu ukukhusela imathiriyeli esisiseko:
Izixhobo zokulingisa: Inxalenye (njenge-casing yempompo) iphoswe ngokupheleleyo kwi-alloy enganyangekiyo.
Nxiba iipleyiti: Amashiti entsimbi eqinile (umzekelo, i-AR400) ibholiti okanye idityaniselwe kwiindawo ezisengozini.
Ubuso obuqinileyo / ukugquma: Umaleko we-alloy engagugiyo udityaniswe okanye udityaniswe phezu kwesiseko sesinyithi esisezantsi, esomeleleyo. Le yindlela eqhelekileyo kunye neyoqoqosho.
I-Thermal Spray: Ukugquma kwealloyi kutshizwa kumphezulu ukwenza umaleko ongagugiyo.
Isishwankathelo, i-Wear-Resistant Alloys yintsapho eyahlukeneyo kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu yezixhobo ezenza umqolo weshishini elinzima. Ukukhethwa kwe-alloy efanelekileyo kuxhomekeke ekuqondeni okuchanekileyo kwendlela yokugqoka (i-abrasion, impembelelo, njl.), indawo yokusebenza (kubandakanya ukushisa kunye nokubola), kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwezoqoqosho.