
I-nickel-based wrought superalloys yiklasi yezixhobo zokusebenza eziphezulu ezenzelwe amandla akhethekileyo omatshini, ukuxhathisa kwe-creep, kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo kumaqondo okushisa aphakamileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphezu kwe-540 ° C (1000 ° F). Igama elithi "ukwenziwa" libonisa ukuba ezi alloys zenziwe ngendlela yazo yokugqibela ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ze-thermomechanical ezifana ne-forging, rolling, okanye i-extrusion, ekhokelela kwi-fine, i-directional grain structure ebonelela ngeempawu eziphezulu kunye nokudinwa xa kuthelekiswa nabalingani babo.
Ziyintsika yamacandelo ajikelezayo obushushu obuphezulu kwi-aerospace kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla, apho ukungaphumeleli akuyiyo inketho.
Amandla aKhethekileyo oBubushushu obuphezulu: Bagcina icandelo eliphezulu lamandla abo obushushu begumbi kumaqondo obushushu akufutshane nendawo yabo yokunyibilika, ngokuyintloko ngenxa yenqanaba elizinzileyo, elihambelanayo le-gamma-prime (γ') yemvula [Ni₃ (Al, Ti)].
Ukuchasa okugqwesileyo kweCreep: Baxhathisa ukuguqulwa phantsi koxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lomatshini kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ipropathi ebalulekileyo ye-turbine blades kunye neediski ezimele zigcine ukukhutshwa okuchanekileyo ngexesha elide.
Ukuchasana nokuFatigue okuPhakamileyo: I-microstructure esetyenzisiweyo, kunye neenkozo zayo ezisulungekileyo kwaye zihlala zilungelelaniswa ngokuthe ngqo, zibonelela ngokugqwesileyo kokuchasa ukuqaliswa kokuqhekeka kunye nokusasazwa phantsi komthwalo we-cyclic.
I-Oxidation egqwesileyo kunye ne-Corrosion Resistance: Umxholo ophezulu we-chromium (ngokuqhelekileyo i-10-20%) yenza ukubunjwa kokukhusela, ukunamathela kwe-chromia (Cr₂O₃) isikali, ukuchasana nokuthotywa kwiindawo ezishushu, ezixutywe ne-oxidizing.
Ukuzinza kweMicrostructural: Zenzelwe ukuxhathisa ukuqina kokuqina kwemvula kunye nokwakhiwa kwezigaba ezinobungozi ze-topologically close-packed (TCP) ngexesha lokuvezwa kwexesha elide kuxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobushushu.
I-superalloys esekwe kwi-nickel iyimfuneko kwezona zicelo zifunwa kakhulu ezijikelezayo:
IiNjini zeJet yeAerospace:
Iidiski zeTurbine: Esona sicelo sibaluleke kakhulu. Iidiski zisebenza ngesantya esiphezulu esijikelezayo kunye noxinzelelo, zifuna ibhalansi ephezulu yamandla okuqina, ubomi bokudinwa, kunye nokuqina kokwaphuka. I-alloys efana ne-Inconel 718 kunye ne-Waspaloy yimigangatho yoshishino.
IiShafts, Spacers, kunye neCompressor Components.
Iiinjini zeGesi eziSekwe kuMhlaba: Ukwenziwa kombane, ezisetyenziswa kwiidiski zeeinjini kunye neeblade.
IiNjini zeRokethi: Kumacandelo e-turbopump afuna umlinganiselo ophezulu wobunzima bobunzima kwiimeko ezigqithisileyo.
IziXhobo zeNyukliya kunye neziQinisekiso zoBubushushu obuPhezulu.
Le theyibhile ilandelayo ishwankathela iimpawu eziphambili zojongo olukhawulezayo:
| Uphawu | Inkcazo | Inzuzo |
| Indlela Yokuvelisa | UkuLungiswa kweThermomechanical (UkuQinisa, ukuQiqa). | Ivelisa ubume obusulungekileyo, obufanayo obuziinkozo kubushushu obuphantsi obuphezulu kunye namandla okudinwa. |
| INqanaba lokomeleza elingundoqo | I-Gamma-Prime (γ') [Ni₃(Al, Ti)] iyawa. | Ibonelela ngeyona ndlela iphambili yamandla obushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokurhubuluza. |
| Iimpawu ezibalulekileyo | Amandla okuqina kunye nokudinwa, ukuxhathisa kweCreep, ukuqina kokwaphuka. | Ifanelekile kuxinzelelo oluphezulu, izixhobo zokujikeleza okuphezulu njengediski ze-injini. |
| Iifom eziqhelekileyo | Iibhilithi, imivalo, iintonga, amaphepha kunye nemisesane. | Isitokhwe sokuqala sokwenza iinxalenye ezibalulekileyo ezijikelezayo. |
| I-Iconic Alloys | Inconel 718, Waspaloy, Alloy 720, René 41, Udimet 720. | Bonisa ukuvela koyilo lwealloyi ukwenzela ukuba kufuneke ukubaleka. |
| Amashishini aseprayimari | I-Aerospace (Iinjini zeJet), i-Power Generation, i-Rocketry. | Vumela uxinzelelo lwe-injini ephezulu kunye namaqondo obushushu, okukhokelela ekusebenzeni okuthe kratya kunye noxinzelelo. |
Ngamafutshane, I-Nickel-Based Wrought Superalloys imele incopho yenzululwazi yezinto zetsimbi kuxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu obujikelezayo. I-chemistry yabo entsonkothileyo kunye ne-microstructure esebenzayo elawulwa ngononophelo ibenza babaluleke kakhulu ekutyhaleni imida yokusebenza kunye nempumelelo kwiinkqubo zeenqwelomoya zanamhlanje kunye namandla.