
Awọn alloys sooro ipata ti o da lori nickel jẹ kilasi ti awọn ohun elo irin to ti ni ilọsiwaju ti a ṣe ni akọkọ lati koju awọn agbegbe ibajẹ to gaju. Ipilẹ wọn jẹ matrix nickel (Ni), eyiti o jẹ sooro ti ara si ọpọlọpọ awọn ibajẹ, alloyed pẹlu awọn eroja pataki miiran — nipataki chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), ati igba miiran Ejò (Cu) ati nitrogen (N) -lati ṣẹda idile to wapọ ati alagbara ti awọn ohun elo fun kemikali ibinu julọ ati awọn ohun elo ile-iṣẹ.
Wọn jẹ ipinnu-si ojutu nigbati awọn irin alagbara ko to mọ.
Resistance Ipata Iyatọ: Eyi ni ohun-ini asọye wọn. Wọn funni ni atako to dayato si ọpọlọpọ awọn ipakokoro, pẹlu:
Awọn acids: sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid.
Caustics: Awọn solusan ipilẹ ti o lagbara.
Awọn ikọlu Chloride-Induced: Pitting ati ibajẹ crevice, eyiti o jẹ awọn ipo ikuna akọkọ fun awọn irin alagbara irin alagbara.
Ibajẹ Ibajẹ Wahala (SCC): Sooro pupọ si fifọ labẹ iṣẹ apapọ ti aapọn fifẹ ati agbegbe ibajẹ.
Iwapọ: Ọpọlọpọ awọn akojọpọ alloy ngbanilaaye fun awọn ohun-ini telo lati fojusi awọn ipo ibajẹ kan pato (fun apẹẹrẹ, Mo giga fun resistance kiloraidi, Cr giga fun awọn agbegbe oxidizing).
Iṣe Awọn iwọn otutu ti o dara: Ọpọlọpọ awọn alloy wọnyi ṣe iduro, iwọn oxide aabo (da lori Cr₂O₃), gbigba wọn laaye lati koju ifoyina ati carburization ni awọn iwọn otutu ti o ga.
Awọn ohun-ini ẹrọ ti o dara julọ: Wọn ṣetọju agbara to dara ati lile lati awọn iwọn otutu cryogenic titi de awọn iwọn otutu giga.
Awọn alloys sooro ipata ti o da lori nickel le jẹ tito lẹšẹšẹ si ọpọlọpọ awọn idile pataki, kọọkan iṣapeye fun oriṣiriṣi awọn italaya.
| Alloy Ìdílé | Key Alloying eroja | Awọn apẹẹrẹ aami | Resistance Ipata akọkọ & Awọn ohun elo |
| Nickel-Chromium | Ni, Kr | Alloy 600 | Oxidation resistance ni awọn iwọn otutu giga; caustic agbegbe. |
| Nickel-Chromium-Irin | Ni, Kr, Fe | Alloy 800/800H | Ifoyina iwọn otutu ti o ga ati resistance carburization; ooru itọju ẹrọ. |
| Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum | Ni, Kr, Mo | C-276, C-22, C-2000 | Julọ wapọ ebi. Idaabobo to gaju si pitting, ipata crevice, ati ọpọlọpọ awọn acids ati awọn chlorides. Ti a lo ninu iṣelọpọ kemikali, isọdi gaasi eefin, ati iṣakoso idoti. |
| Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum pẹlu Ejò | Ni, Kr, Mo, Ku | Alloy 400, Alloy 825 | O tayọ resistance si sulfuric ati phosphoric acids; o gbajumo ni lilo ninu tona ati kemikali processing ohun elo. |
| Nickel-Molybdenum | Ni, Mo | Alloy B-2, B-3 | Iyatọ ti o yatọ si idinku awọn agbegbe (awọn acids ti kii ṣe oxidizing) bii hydrochloric acid. |
| Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum pẹlu Nitrogen | Ni, Kr, Mo, N | Alloy 625, Alloy 718 | Darapọ agbara giga (lati lile lile ojoriro) pẹlu ipata to dara julọ ati resistance ifoyina. Ti a lo ni aaye afẹfẹ, kemikali, ati imọ-ẹrọ oju omi. |